Exosomes in liver fibrosis: The role of modulating hepatic stellate cells and immune cells, and prospects for clinical applications.
Exosomes in liver fibrosis: The role of modulating hepatic stellate cells and immune cells, and prospects for clinical applications.
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外泌体在肝纤维化中的作用：对肝星状细胞和免疫细胞的调节作用及临床应用前景
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133297
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Zhang, Chuantao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yufei;Zheng, Yuhong;Yang, Yang;Liu, Ke;Wu, Jianying;Gao, Peiyang;Zhang, Chuantao
肝纤维化是由多种因素引起的慢性肝损伤所引起的全球性健康问题。肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cells，HSC）在肝纤维化中起重要作用，病理刺激可使其转分化为肌成纤维细胞。HSC、免疫细胞和细胞因子之间复杂的多向相互作用对于肝纤维化的进展也至关重要。尽管肝纤维化的治疗取得了进展，但它们不能满足当前的医疗需求。外泌体是直径为30-150 nm的细胞外囊泡，并且能够在细胞间转运分子如脂质、蛋白质和核酸。外泌体作为细胞间通讯的重要介质，参与了多种疾病的生理和病理过程。在肝纤维化中，外泌体主要通过调节HSC的活化以及HSC与免疫细胞之间的相互作用而参与发病。血清来源的外泌体是肝纤维化的有前途的生物标志物。外泌体在肝纤维化中也具有很好的治疗潜力。来源于间充质干细胞和其他细胞的外泌体表现出抗肝纤维化作用。此外，外泌体可以作为肝纤维化的潜在治疗靶点，并有望成为肝纤维化治疗的药物载体。
Liver fibrosis is a global health problem caused by chronic liver injury resulting from various factors. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) have been found to play a major role in liver fibrosis, and pathological stimuli lead to their transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts. Complex multidirectional interactions between HSCs, immune cells, and cytokines are also critical for the progression of liver fibrosis. Despite the advances in treatments for liver fibrosis, they do not meet the current medical needs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of 30-150 nm in diameter and are capable of intercellular transport of molecules such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. As an essential mediator of intercellular communication, exosomes are involved in the physiological and pathological processes of many diseases. In liver fibrosis, exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis mainly by regulating the activation of HSCs and the interaction between HSCs and immune cells. Serum-derived exosomes are promising biomarkers of liver fibrosis. Exosomes also have promising therapeutic potential in liver fibrosis. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and other cells exhibit anti-liver fibrosis effects. Moreover, exosomes may serve as potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis and hold promise in becoming drug carriers for liver fibrosis treatment.
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