Acting as Inverse Inverse Planning

Acting as Inverse Inverse Planning
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充当逆向规划

DOI:
10.1145/3588432.3591510
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
ACM
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan
Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chandra, Kartik;Li, Tzu-Mao;Tenenbaum, Joshua;Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan

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伟大的故事讲述者知道如何带我们踏上旅程。他们指导角色行动——不一定以最理性的方式——而是以一种能够引发有趣情境的方式,并最终为观看的观众创造一种有影响力的体验。如果观众体验是最重要的,那么我们可以帮助艺术家和动画师直接制作这样的体验,而独立于唤起这些体验所需的具体角色动作吗?在本文中,我们为此类工具提供了一种新颖的计算框架。我们的主要想法是根据模拟观众的体验来优化动画。为了模拟观众,我们借用了认知科学中的一个既定原理:人类的社会直觉可以建模为“逆向计划”,即从代理的(观察到的)行为中推断其(隐藏的)目标的任务。在此模型的基础上,我们将讲故事视为“逆向规划”,即选择行动来操纵逆向规划者的推论的任务。我们的框架以文学理论为基础,自然地从第一原则中捕捉到许多讲故事的元素。我们给出了一系列例子来证明这一点,并提供人类受试者研究的支持证据。
Great storytellers know how to take us on a journey. They direct characters to act—not necessarily in the most rational way—but rather in a way that leads to interesting situations, and ultimately creates an impactful experience for audience members looking on.If audience experience is what matters most, then can we help artists and animators directly craft such experiences, independent of the concrete character actions needed to evoke those experiences? In this paper, we offer a novel computational framework for such tools. Our key idea is to optimize animations with respect to simulated audience members’ experiences. To simulate the audience, we borrow an established principle from cognitive science: that human social intuition can be modeled as “inverse planning,” the task of inferring an agent’s (hidden) goals from its (observed) actions. Building on this model, we treat storytelling as “inverse inverse planning,” the task of choosing actions to manipulate an inverse planner’s inferences. Our framework is grounded in literary theory, naturally capturing many storytelling elements from first principles. We give a series of examples to demonstrate this, with supporting evidence from human subject studies.
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