Geospatial Analysis in African Archaeology: Current Theories, Topics, and Methods
Geospatial Analysis in African Archaeology: Current Theories, Topics, and Methods
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非洲考古学地理空间分析：当前理论、主题和方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Cameron D. Gokee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carla E. Klehm;Cameron D. Gokee
在过去的三十年里，对社会空间的研究已经成为非洲考古学关注的中心。为了回应对寻找宏大叙事的批评（Stahl 1999），许多学者将他们的注意力转向对特定时间和地点的社会复杂性和主观经验的更共时性的解释——这一举措鼓励对地点和景观内的社会空间关系进行更批判性的分析。通过这种方式，对空间的明确关注与对非洲考古学更大理论建设的呼吁（Wynne-Jones and Fleisher 2015）保持一致，因为我们提出了新的问题，并重新审视了旧的问题，涉及人类与环境的相互作用（例如，Chami等人2001年；McIntosh 2005年），权力和权威（例如，Holl 2006年；Monroe 2014年；Richard 2018年；Sinclair 1987年），仪式和宇宙学（例如，Insoll等人2013年），殖民纠缠和历史进程(例如，Crossland 2014; González-Ruibal 2014；MacEachern 2018;Monroe and Ogundiran 2012)，以及考古学和遗产（Schmidt and Pikirayi 2016）。回答这些关于空间社会生产的问题最终取决于我们收集区域和场地尺度数据的方法。空间方法在考古学中有着悠久的历史，研究人员长期以来一直关注人工制品、遗址、文化和自然特征的位置和测量，以及它们之间的关系（例如，Adams 1965; Clarke 1977; Hodder and Orton 1976; Phillips andWilley 1953;Willey 1953）。在非洲，研究可以追溯到20世纪60年代，通过航拍照片（例如，Denbow 1979; Maggs 1976; Mason 1968; Seddon 1968）和更精细的手绘地图（Binford 1980; Clark 1971; Collett 1979; Sampson 1984）探索了人类与环境的关系和定居模式。其中一些早期研究采用了空间关系的统计分析（例如Sinclair 1987）。随着最近在地理空间方法收集和分析考古数据的创新，我们认为非洲考古学越来越有能力做出新的发现，解决关于过去社会和文化的基本问题，并反过来推动方法创新。在世界各地，地理空间技术正在成为考古数据收集和分析的一个组成部分。地理信息系统（GIS）软件和遥感（RS）技术发展迅速，软件和卫星图像变得越来越便宜和广泛可用（Kvamme 1999； Lasaponara和Masini 2012； Opitz和Herrmann 2018）。软件与数据[j] .考古学报，2020,37 (1):1 - 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-020-09376-9
The study of social space has become a central concern of African archaeology over the past three decades. Responding to critiques of the search for grand narratives (Stahl 1999), many scholars have turned their attention to more synchronic interpretations of social complexity and subjective experience in specific times and places—a move that encourages more critical analyses of socio-spatial relations within sites and across landscapes. In this way, an explicit concern with space aligns with calls for greater theory building in African archaeology (Wynne-Jones and Fleisher 2015) as we pose new questions, and revisit old ones, concerning human-environment interactions (e.g., Chami et al. 2001; McIntosh 2005), power and authority (e.g., Holl 2006; Monroe 2014; Richard 2018; Sinclair 1987), ritual and cosmology (e.g., Insoll et al. 2013), colonial entanglements and historical processes (e.g., Crossland 2014; González-Ruibal 2014; MacEachern 2018; Monroe and Ogundiran 2012), and archaeology and heritage (Schmidt and Pikirayi 2016). Answering these questions about the social production of space ultimately depends on our methods for collecting regional and site-scale data. Spatial approaches have a deep history in archaeology where researchers have long been concerned with the location and measurement of artifacts, sites, and cultural and natural features, as well as the relations between them (e.g., Adams 1965; Clarke 1977; Hodder and Orton 1976; Phillips andWilley 1953;Willey 1953). In Africa, studies dating back to the 1960s have explored humanenvironmental relationships and settlement patterns with aerial photographs (e.g., Denbow 1979; Maggs 1976; Mason 1968; Seddon 1968) and, on a finer scale, with hand-drawn maps detailing site structure, artifact densities, and mobility (Binford 1980; Clark 1971; Collett 1979; Sampson 1984). Some of these early studies employ statistical analyses of spatial relationships (e.g. Sinclair 1987).With recent innovations in geospatial methods for collecting and analyzing archaeological data, we argue that African archaeology is increasingly well-equipped to make new discoveries and address fundamental questions about past societies and cultures and in turn drive methodological innovations. Around the world, geospatial technologies are becoming an integral part of archaeological data collection and analysis. Geographic information systems (GIS) software and remote sensing (RS) technologies have advanced rapidly, and software and satellite imagery have become increasingly affordable and widely available (Kvamme 1999; Lasaponara and Masini 2012; Opitz and Herrmann 2018). Software and data Afr Archaeol Rev (2020) 37:1–7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-020-09376-9
塞内加尔中部图穆利地区的首次地球物理勘探：多维方法
DOI：
10.1080/0067270x.2017.1290200
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa
影响因子：
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作者：
Magnavita
通讯作者：
Magnavita
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Hill, Austin Chad;Limp, Fred;Williamson, Malcolm
通讯作者：
Williamson, Malcolm