Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis of Trypanosomatid Adenylate Cyclases Reveals Associations with Extracellular Lifestyle and Host-Pathogen Interplay.
Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis of Trypanosomatid Adenylate Cyclases Reveals Associations with Extracellular Lifestyle and Host-Pathogen Interplay.
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DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evaa226
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发表时间：
2020-12-06
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lukeš J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durante IM;Butenko A;Rašková V;Charyyeva A;Svobodová M;Yurchenko V;Hashimi H;Lukeš J
锥虫表面的受体腺苷酸环化酶（RACs）在宿主 - 寄生虫界面中起着重要作用。它们检测尚未明确的环境信号，这些信号影响寄生虫对宿主免疫攻击的反应、群体运动的协调以及细胞分裂的调控。一类与RACs相关但鲜为人知的氧感应腺苷酸环化酶（OACs）在锥虫中已经缺失，而在利什曼原虫物种及相关的昆虫寄生锥虫中大量扩增。在这项工作中，我们对锥虫和自由生活的波豆虫中的这两类腺苷酸环化酶（ACs）进行了大规模的系统发育分析。我们观察到，具有双宿主生命周期的锥虫中RACs的扩增不仅与在脊椎动物宿主体内的细胞外生活方式有关，还与在昆虫媒介中涉及多个生命周期阶段的复杂路径有关。在布氏锥虫中，RACs分为两个主要分支，它们在哺乳动物宿主和昆虫媒介中的表达谱存在显著差异。亲缘关系密切的刚果锥虫的RACs混杂在这两个分支中，这支持了RACs的早期多样化。已经丧失感染昆虫能力的布氏锥虫亚种具有大量假基因化的RACs，这表明在获得单宿主生命周期后，这些蛋白质中的许多已变得多余。OACs似乎是在锥虫中RACs扩增之后出现的一种创新。携带内共生体的锥虫表现出OACs的多样化，而这些蛋白质在利什曼原虫维亚纳亚属中是假基因化的。这项分析阐明了ACs是如何进化的，从而使不同的锥虫能够占据多种多样的生态位并呈现各种生活方式。
Receptor adenylate cyclases (RACs) on the surface of trypanosomatids are important players in the host–parasite interface. They detect still unidentified environmental signals that affect the parasites’ responses to host immune challenge, coordination of social motility, and regulation of cell division. A lesser known class of oxygen-sensing adenylate cyclases (OACs) related to RACs has been lost in trypanosomes and expanded mostly in Leishmania species and related insect-dwelling trypanosomatids. In this work, we have undertaken a large-scale phylogenetic analysis of both classes of adenylate cyclases (ACs) in trypanosomatids and the free-living Bodo saltans. We observe that the expanded RAC repertoire in trypanosomatids with a two-host life cycle is not only associated with an extracellular lifestyle within the vertebrate host, but also with a complex path through the insect vector involving several life cycle stages. In Trypanosoma brucei, RACs are split into two major clades, which significantly differ in their expression profiles in the mammalian host and the insect vector. RACs of the closely related Trypanosoma congolense are intermingled within these two clades, supporting early RAC diversification. Subspecies of T. brucei that have lost the capacity to infect insects exhibit high numbers of pseudogenized RACs, suggesting many of these proteins have become redundant upon the acquisition of a single-host life cycle. OACs appear to be an innovation occurring after the expansion of RACs in trypanosomatids. Endosymbiont-harboring trypanosomatids exhibit a diversification of OACs, whereas these proteins are pseudogenized in Leishmania subgenus Viannia. This analysis sheds light on how ACs have evolved to allow diverse trypanosomatids to occupy multifarious niches and assume various lifestyles.
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影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Flegontov, Pavel;Votypka, Jan;Lukes, Julius
通讯作者：
Lukes, Julius
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Minh BQ;Nguyen MA;von Haeseler A
通讯作者：
von Haeseler A
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bao, Yi;Weiss, Louis M.;Huang, Huan
通讯作者：
Huang, Huan
DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp348
发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Capella-Gutiérrez S;Silla-Martínez JM;Gabaldón T
通讯作者：
Gabaldón T
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
de Koning, Harry P.;Gould, Matthew K.;Seebeck, Thomas
通讯作者：
Seebeck, Thomas