The elusive life cycle of scyphozoan jellyfish--metagenesis revisited.

The elusive life cycle of scyphozoan jellyfish--metagenesis revisited.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep12037
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发表时间:
2015-07-08
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Riascos JM
Riascos JM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ceh J;Gonzalez J;Pacheco AS;Riascos JM

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舟水母的大规模扩散极大地影响了人类工业并不可逆转地改变了食物网。了解水母在海洋生态系统中的作用的努力基于 200 年前描述的生命周期模型。根据这种范式,中上层水母被认为是季节性的,并且与它所衍生的底栖水螅阶段交替。然而,我们提供的证据表明,a)几种水母的出现并不限于一年中的一个季节,它们越冬,b)水螅体和水母的世代在时间和空间上都不是分开的,c)“变生”(定义为有性世代和无性世代之间的交替)并不总是发生。因此,我们建议对当前模型进行补充,并认为舟动物的生命周期应被视为多模式的,而不是宏遗传的。讨论了这些发现对水母增殖的影响,包括可能的后果和相关的环境驱动因素。
Massive proliferations of scyphozoan jellyfish considerably affect human industries and irreversibly change food webs. Efforts to understand the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems are based on a life cycle model described 200 years ago. According to this paradigm the pelagic medusae is considered seasonal and alternates with the benthic polyp stage from which it derives. However, we provide evidence that a) the occurrence of several species of medusae is not restricted to a season in the year, they overwinter, b) polyp- and medusa generations are neither temporally nor spatially separated, and c) “metagenesis” which is defined as the alternation between sexual and asexual generations does not always occur. Hence we recommend additions to the current model and argue that the scyphozoan life cycle should be considered multi-modal, rather than metagenetic. The implications of these findings for jellyfish proliferations, including possible consequences and associated environmental drivers, are discussed.
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