Lasting effects of lost vascular elasticity.-猫眼课题宝

血管弹性丧失的持久影响。

DOI：

10.1161/01.res.0000261611.53084.ad

发表时间：

2007

期刊：

Circulation research

影响因子：

20.1

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

医学1区

文献类型：

作者：

Weiss,RobertM

The term elasticity, in materials science terms, indicates the degree to which energy is conserved during a deformation-recoil reaction. When a steel ball is dropped onto a rigid surface, it rebounds closer to its initial height than, say, a rubber ball. In that configuration, steel is said to be more elastic than rubber, because more of its potential energy is recovered during the reaction. In cardiovascular science, the term elasticity is sometimes appropriated to indicate compliance or deformability, but such license can sometimes lead to erroneous mechanistic constructs. A spoiled plum is deformable but, when dropped, interacts with the floor in a highly inelastic manner.Aortic aneurysm is primarily responsible for more than 13 000 deaths and is a contributing factor in 61 000 hospital discharges annually in the United States, 1 statistics that tend to underestimate comorbid contributions to processes such as systolic heart failure, atheroembolic stroke, and kidney disease. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and tobacco abuse are associated with aortic aneuryms when incurred during old age, when aneurysm prevalence reaches 12.5% in men. 1 But a significant minority of catastrophic aortic disease events occurs in younger patients, often enough during childhood, arising as a result of deficiencies in the inherent material properties of the aorta itself, along with putatively maladaptive tissue responses to subsequent vascular injury. The diverse processes leading to catastrophic events share a common end result: loss of elasticity in the aortic wall (Figure). Hypertension and hyperlipidemia, especially when combined, evoke a vascular response to injury, mediated by oxidant stress and other effectors, propagated by inflammatory cell infiltration and matrix remodeling, culminating in loss of material elasticity. 2, 3 The cycle perpetuates itself by means of vessel dilatation (increasing LaPlacian distending tension) and by increasing the pulse pressure required for the left ventricle to eject blood.