Treatment of anxiety and depression in the preschool period.
Treatment of anxiety and depression in the preschool period.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2013.01.011
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Luby JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luby JL
经验研究现已证实，临床焦虑和抑郁障碍可能早在3岁时就出现在学龄前儿童中。作为实证研究验证和表征这些疾病的学龄前儿童是相对较新的，较少的工作已经做了开发和测试的年龄相适应的治疗。一项全面的文献检索发现了几项关于学龄前焦虑和抑郁的心理治疗的小型随机对照试验（RCT）。文献还包含了一系列的行为和精神药理学干预特定的焦虑症。然而，迄今为止，尚未发表专门针对学龄前人群的任何焦虑或抑郁障碍治疗的大规模RCT。已经开发了几种适合年龄的认知行为疗法，并在小型随机对照试验中进行了初步测试，对各种形式的学龄前焦虑症都有希望。值得注意的是，这些适应集中涉及主要照顾者，并利用年龄调整的方法，如基于卡通的材料和共同构建的绘图或叙述。亲子互动疗法（PCIT）的改良形式已经过测试，似乎对焦虑和抑郁都有希望。虽然针对父母的预防性干预措施在焦虑方面表现出了显着的希望，但这些方法尚未在儿童早期抑郁症领域进行探索。关于父母治疗对婴儿的影响的研究表明，对最年幼的儿童进行直接治疗可能是影响长期变化的必要条件。建议这些疾病的临床治疗，心理治疗是第一线的干预。
Empirical studies have now established that clinical anxiety and depressive disorders may arise in preschool children as early as age 3.0. As empirical studies validating and characterizing these disorders in preschoolers are relatively recent, less work has been done on the development and testing of age-appropriate treatments. A comprehensive literature search revealed several small randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapeutic treatments for preschool anxiety and depression. The literature also contains case series of behavioral and psychopharmacologic interventions for specific anxiety disorders. However, to date, no large-scale RCTs of treatment for any anxiety or depressive disorder specifically targeting preschool populations have been published. Several age-adapted forms of cognitive behavioral therapy have been developed and preliminarily tested in small RCTs, and appear promising for a variety of forms of preschool anxiety disorders. Notably, these adaptations centrally involve primary caregivers and utilize age-adjusted methodology such as cartoon-based materials and co-constructed drawing or narratives. Modified forms of Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) have been tested and appear promising for both anxiety and depression. While preventive interventions that target parenting have shown significant promise in anxiety, these methods have not been explored in area of early childhood depression. Studies of the impact of parental treatment on infants suggest that direct treatment of the youngest children may be necessary to affect long-term change. Recommendations are made for clinical treatment of these disorders where psychotherapy is the first line of intervention.
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DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e31816765f9
发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Freeman, Jennifer B.;Garcia, Abbe M.;Leonard, Henrietta L.
通讯作者：
Leonard, Henrietta L.
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
12.8
作者：
Grave, J;Blissett, J
通讯作者：
Blissett, J
影响因子：
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作者：
Hirshfeld-Becker, Dina R.;Masek, Bruce;Biederman, Joseph
通讯作者：
Biederman, Joseph