Intermittent Access to Ethanol Drinking Facilitates the Transition to Excessive Drinking After Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure.
Intermittent Access to Ethanol Drinking Facilitates the Transition to Excessive Drinking After Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.13434
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
George O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimbrough A;Kim S;Cole M;Brennan M;George O
人们认为酗酒会增加酒精使用障碍的风险。目前尚不清楚饮酒模式（例如，狂饮式或稳定饮酒）是否会对依赖个体向强迫性饮酒的转变产生不同影响。我们研究了慢性狂饮式饮酒是否会促进大鼠向强迫性饮酒转变。
在双瓶选择模式下，雄性Wistar大鼠被给予5个月的间歇性乙醇获取（IAE）或持续性乙醇获取（CAE）。然后对大鼠进行慢性间歇性乙醇（CIE）蒸汽暴露。采用累进比率强化程序以及添加奎宁的乙醇，测量乙醇摄入量的增加以及对乙醇的强迫性反应。
在双瓶选择2周后，IAE大鼠的乙醇饮用量增加，而CAE大鼠在5个月内乙醇饮用量稳定。经过8周的CIE后，IAE + CIE和CAE + CIE大鼠的乙醇摄入量均增加。然而，IAE大鼠比CAE大鼠提前数周增加乙醇摄入量，且乙醇摄入量更大。在IAE + CIE和CAE + CIE大鼠之间未发现强迫性反应的差异。然而，与没有IAE或CAE经历的大鼠相比，IAE + CIE和CAE + CIE大鼠均表现出强烈的强迫性反应。
与没有饮酒史的大鼠相比，几个月稳定或递增水平的慢性乙醇饮用在暴露于CIE的大鼠中与对乙醇更强的强迫性反应有关。此外，IAE促进了在CIE暴露后对乙醇强迫性反应的转变，这体现在乙醇摄入量的增加上。这些结果表明IAE可能促进向酒精使用障碍的转变。本研究表明，尽管乙醇饮用量适中，但IAE动物模型与酒精滥用的早期阶段高度相关，并表明它可能与神经适应性变化有关，从而更快地向酒精依赖转变。
Alcohol binge drinking in humans is thought to increase the risk for alcohol use disorder. Unclear is whether drinking patterns (e.g., binge-like or stable drinking) differentially affect the transition to compulsive-like drinking in dependent individuals. We examined whether chronic binge-like drinking facilitates the transition to compulsive-like drinking in rats. Male Wistar rats were given 5 months of intermittent access to ethanol (IAE) or continuous access to ethanol (CAE) in a two-bottle choice paradigm. Then rats were given chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) vapor exposure. Escalation of ethanol intake and compulsive-like responding for ethanol, using a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement and quinine-adulterated ethanol, were measured. IAE rats escalated ethanol drinking after 2 weeks of two-bottle choice, whereas CAE rats exhibited stable ethanol drinking for 5 months. After 8 weeks of CIE, both IAE+CIE and CAE+CIE rats escalated their ethanol intake. However, IAE rats escalated their ethanol intake weeks sooner than CAE rats and exhibited greater ethanol intake. No differences in compulsive-like responding were found between IAE+CIE and CAE+CIE rats. However, both IAE+CIE and CAE+CIE rats showed strong compulsive-like responding compared with rats without prior IAE or CAE. Chronic ethanol drinking at stable or escalated levels for several months is associated with more compulsive-like responding for ethanol in rats that are exposed to CIE compared with rats without a prior history of ethanol drinking. Moreover, IAE facilitated the transition to compulsive-like responding for ethanol after CIE exposure, reflected by the escalation of ethanol intake. These results suggest that IAE may facilitate the transition to alcohol use disorder. The present study indicates that despite a moderate level of ethanol drinking, the IAE animal model is highly relevant to early stages of alcohol abuse and suggests that it may be associated with neuroadaptations that produce a faster transition to alcohol dependence.
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影响因子：
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