Hijacked in cancer: the KMT2 (MLL) family of methyltransferases.

Hijacked in cancer: the KMT2 (MLL) family of methyltransferases.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrc3929
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发表时间:
2015-06
影响因子:
78.5
通讯作者:
Dou, Yali
Dou, Yali
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rao, Rajesh C.;Dou, Yali

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赖氨酸甲基转移酶2家族(KMT 2)蛋白在基因组中的重要调控区域甲基化组蛋白H3尾部上的赖氨酸4,从而通过调节染色质结构和DNA可及性赋予关键功能。虽然人类KMT 2家族最初被命名为混合谱系白血病(MLL)家族,但由于创始成员KMT 2A(也称为MLL,MLL 1,ALL-1,HRX)在这种疾病中的作用,最近的外显子组测序研究显示KMT 2基因是许多类型人类癌症中最常见的突变基因之一。整合KMT 2的分子机制及其在肿瘤发生中的作用的努力已经导致了第一代KMT 2功能抑制剂的开发,这可能成为新的癌症治疗方法。
Lysine methyltransferase 2 family (KMT2) proteins methylate lysine 4 on the histone H3 tail at important regulatory regions in the genome and thus impart critical functions through modulating chromatin structures and DNA accessibility. While the human KMT2 family was initially named the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) family, due to the role of the founding member KMT2A (also called MLL, MLL1, ALL-1, HRX) in this disease, recent exome-sequencing studies revealed KMT2 genes to be among the most frequently mutated genes in many types of human cancers. Efforts to integrate the molecular mechanisms of KMT2 with its roles in tumorigenesis have led to the development of first-generation inhibitors of KMT2 function, which could become novel cancer therapies.
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