Late presentation for human immunodeficiency virus care in the United States and Canada.

Late presentation for human immunodeficiency virus care in the United States and Canada.
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DOI:
10.1086/652650
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发表时间:
2010-06-01
期刊:
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Moore RD
Moore RD
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Althoff KN;Gange SJ;Klein MB;Brooks JT;Hogg RS;Bosch RJ;Horberg MA;Saag MS;Kitahata MM;Justice AC;Gebo KA;Eron JJ;Rourke SB;Gill MJ;Rodriguez B;Sterling TR;Calzavara LM;Deeks SG;Martin JN;Rachlis AR;Napravnik S;Jacobson LP;Kirk GD;Collier AC;Benson CA;Silverberg MJ;Kushel M;Goedert JJ;McKaig RG;Van Rompaey SE;Zhang J;Moore RD

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Initiatives to improve early detection and access to HIV services have increased over time. We assessed the immune status of patients at initial presentation for HIV care from 1997-2007 in 13 US and Canadian clinical cohorts. We analyzed data from 44,491 HIV-infected patients enrolled in the North American – AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design. We identified first presentation for HIV care as the time of first CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) measurement and excluded patients who prior to this date had HIV RNA measurements, evidence of antiretroviral exposure, or a history of AIDS-defining illness. Trends in mean CD4 count (measured as cells/mm3) and 95% confidence intervals ([,]) were determined using linear regression adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission risk and cohort. Median age at first presentation for HIV care increased over time (range 40-43 years, p<0.01), while the proportion of patients with injection drug use HIV transmission risk decreased (26% to 14%, p<0.01) and heterosexual transmission risk increased (16% to 23%, p<0.01). Median CD4 at presentation increased from 256 (IQR: 96-455) to 317 (IQR: 135-517) in 1997 to 2007 (p<0.01). The proportion with a CD4 count ≥350 at first presentation also increased from 1997 to 2007 (38% to 46%, p=<0.01). The estimated adjusted mean CD4 count increased at a rate of 6 per year. CD4 count at first presentation for HIV care has increased annually over the past 11 years, but has remained <350 cells/mm3, suggesting the urgent need for earlier HIV diagnosis and treatment.
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