Structural basis for activation of DNMT1.

Structural basis for activation of DNMT1.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-34779-4
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发表时间:
2022-11-21
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Arita, Kyohei
Arita, Kyohei
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kikuchi, Amika;Onoda, Hiroki;Yamaguchi, Kosuke;Kori, Satomi;Matsuzawa, Shun;Chiba, Yoshie;Tanimoto, Shota;Yoshimi, Sae;Sato, Hiroki;Yamagata, Atsushi;Shirouzu, Mikako;Adachi, Naruhiko;Sharif, Jafar;Koseki, Haruhiko;Nishiyama, Atsuya;Nakanishi, Makoto;Defossez, Pierre-Antoine;Arita, Kyohei

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DNMT1 是维持基因组 DNA 甲基化的必需酶,其功能受尚未完全了解的机制调节。在这里,我们报告了人类 DNMT1 与其两种天然激活剂(半甲基化 DNA 和泛素化组蛋白 H3)结合的冷冻电镜结构。我们发现 RFTS 和 CXXC 域之间迄今为止未经研究的链接器在激活中发挥着关键作用。它包含一个保守的 α 螺旋,它与一个关键的“切换”口袋接合,取代了先前描述的抑制性接头,并允许 DNA 识别螺旋弹入活性构象。伴随着抑制性 RFTS 和 CXXC 结构域的大规模重组,使酶获得充分的活性。因此,我们的结果为 DNMT1 的激活提供了机制基础,并对基础研究和药物设计产生影响。 DNMT1 对于维持基因组 DNA 甲基化至关重要。在这里,我们报告了 DNMT1 与泛素化 H3 和半甲基化 DNA 结合的冷冻电镜结构,揭示了 DNMT1 激活机制的结构见解。
DNMT1 is an essential enzyme that maintains genomic DNA methylation, and its function is regulated by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human DNMT1 bound to its two natural activators: hemimethylated DNA and ubiquitinated histone H3. We find that a hitherto unstudied linker, between the RFTS and CXXC domains, plays a key role for activation. It contains a conserved α-helix which engages a crucial “Toggle” pocket, displacing a previously described inhibitory linker, and allowing the DNA Recognition Helix to spring into the active conformation. This is accompanied by large-scale reorganization of the inhibitory RFTS and CXXC domains, allowing the enzyme to gain full activity. Our results therefore provide a mechanistic basis for the activation of DNMT1, with consequences for basic research and drug design. DNMT1 is an essential for maintaining genomic DNA methylation. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of DNMT1 bound to ubiquitinated H3 and hemimethylated DNA, revealing structural insight into the activation mechanism of DNMT1.
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