Low resistance to chytridiomycosis in direct-developing amphibians.
Low resistance to chytridiomycosis in direct-developing amphibians.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-16425-y
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发表时间：
2017-11-30
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Becker CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mesquita AFC;Lambertini C;Lyra M;Malagoli LR;James TY;Toledo LF;Haddad CFB;Becker CG
宿主通用病原体零星感染幼稚宿主，可能引发动物流行病。水生真菌Batrachochytrium dendrobatim（Bd）与数百种水生幼虫两栖动物物种的减少有关。虽然几个人口下降和灭绝归因于Bd已报告的神秘物种进行直接发展远离水，流行病学研究集中在这些陆生青蛙缺乏。我们的现场数据支持，陆地直接发展的主机是较少暴露于Bd在其个体发育过程中比水生幼虫的物种，因此，他们可能缺乏适应性反应对水生壶菌。使用对照实验室实验，我们暴露野生捕获的两栖动物物种与陆生和水生生活史的Bd，并发现直接开发者表现出更快的感染负荷增加，经历了更高的死亡率比水生幼虫的物种。我们的研究结果提供了新的信息宿主反应的通才病原体，并特别表明，我们的焦点直接发展的物种具有低抵抗力的Bd感染。最后，我们的研究结果强调，我们不应该仅仅因为Bd在自然界中暴露于Bd较少而忽视Bd对直接发展物种的潜在威胁;相反，未来的两栖动物保护计划应该包括保护全球数百种直接发展的两栖动物物种的努力。
Host-generalist pathogens sporadically infect naive hosts, potentially triggering epizootics. The waterborne fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is linked to declines of hundreds of amphibian species with aquatic larvae. Although several population declines and extinctions attributed to Bd have been reported among cryptic species undergoing direct development away from water, epidemiological studies focused on these terrestrial frogs are lacking. Our field data support that terrestrial direct-developing hosts are less exposed to Bd during their ontogeny than species with aquatic larvae, and thus they might lack adaptive responses against waterborne chytrids. Using controlled laboratory experiments, we exposed wild-caught amphibian species with terrestrial and aquatic life histories to Bd and found that direct developers showed more rapid increases in infection loads and experienced higher mortality rates than species with aquatic larvae. Our findings provide novel information about host responses to generalist pathogens and specifically show that our focal direct developing species have low resistance to Bd infections. Finally, our results underscore that we should not ignore Bd as a potential threat to direct developing species simply because they are less exposed to Bd in nature; instead future amphibian conservation plans should include efforts to safeguard hundreds of direct-developing amphibian species globally.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Guilherme Becker, C.;Rodriguez, David;Zamudio, Kelly R.
通讯作者：
Zamudio, Kelly R.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Meagher, S
通讯作者：
Meagher, S
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hirschfeld M;Blackburn DC;Doherty-Bone TM;Gonwouo LN;Ghose S;Rödel MO
通讯作者：
Rödel MO
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Dixo, Marianna;Metzger, Jean Paul;Zamudio, Kelly R.
通讯作者：
Zamudio, Kelly R.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1014497108
发表时间：
2011-06-14
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Becker, C. Guilherme;Zamudio, Kelly R.
通讯作者：
Zamudio, Kelly R.