Dietary Patterns and Weight Status in Italian Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children.
Dietary Patterns and Weight Status in Italian Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/nu13114039
复制
发表时间：
2021-11-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Cena H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raspini B;Prosperi M;Guiducci L;Santocchi E;Tancredi R;Calderoni S;Morales MA;Morelli M;Simione M;Fiechtner L;Muratori F;Cena H
与典型发育中 (TD) 的同龄人相比，非典型饮食习惯在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童中更为常见。喂养问题可能会导致特定营养缺乏和体重过度增加的双重负担，从而导致肥胖患病率增加。研究人员调查了患有 ASD 的意大利学龄前儿童与 TD 同龄人的饮食摄入量，以及他们的饮食选择对其体重状况的影响以及与食物选择性 (FS) 的关系。对 65 名 ASD 儿童和 82 名 1.3-6.4 岁 TD 儿童的饮食模式及其与体重指数 (BMI) 的关系进行了评估。使用家长评定的半定量食物频率问卷的修改版本来评估饮食习惯。此外，我们还对 ASD 组中 FS 的患病率以及与饮食模式和 BMI 的可能联系进行了调查。与患有自闭症谱系障碍的同龄人相比，患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童消耗的单糖、加工和超加工碳水化合物、低脂肪和高脂肪动物蛋白以及蔬菜和水果的数量显着增加。 TD 儿童的肥胖率为 1.5%，ASD 儿童的肥胖率为四倍以上（6.2%），但组间差异无统计学意义。自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童中 FS 的发生率明显高于 TD 儿童。患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和 FS 的儿童的植物蛋白和纤维（被认为是健康饮食的必需营养素）的年摄入量显着低于患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 且无 FS 的儿童。我们的研究结果表明，患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童与患有TD的儿童表现出不同的饮食习惯，高能量食物的摄入量较高，而食物来源的纤维含量较低，这可能会使他们在以后的生活中出现超重、肥胖和微量营养素缺乏的风险增加。
Atypical eating habits are more common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than typically developing (TD) peers. Feeding problems may lead to the double burden of specific nutrient deficiencies and excessive weight gain, with a consequent increase in obesity prevalence. The dietary intake of Italian preschoolers with ASD compared to their TD peers and the impact of their dietary choices on their weight status and relationship to food selectivity (FS) were investigated. Dietary patterns and their associations with body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in 65 children with ASD and 82 peers with TD aged 1.3–6.4 years. Eating habits were assessed with a modified version of a parent-rated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Moreover, the prevalence of FS and possible links with dietary patterns and BMI were investigated in the ASD group. Children with ASD consumed significantly higher amounts of simple sugars, processed and ultra-processed carbohydrates, both low- and high-fat animal proteins, and lower amounts of vegetables and fruits compared to peers with TD. The obesity rate was 1.5% in children with TD and more than fourfold (6.2%) in children with ASD, although the difference between groups was not statistically significant. FS was significantly more frequent in children with ASD than in peers with TD. Children with ASD and FS showed significantly lower annual intakes of vegetable proteins and fiber (considered essential nutrients for a healthy diet) than children with ASD without FS. Our results showed that children with ASD showed different dietary habits than those with TD, with the higher consumption of energy-dense foods and lower amounts of food-sourced fibers, which could place them at increased risk to develop overweight, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies later in life.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Bandini, Linda G.;Anderson, Sarah E.;Curtin, Carol;Cermak, Sharon;Evans, E. Whitney;Scampini, Renee;Maslin, Melissa;Must, Aviva
通讯作者：
Must, Aviva
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Braun, Kim V. E.;Erler, Nicole S.;Voortman, Trudy
通讯作者：
Voortman, Trudy
影响因子：
8
作者：
Barlow, Sarah E.
通讯作者：
Barlow, Sarah E.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Criado, Kristen K.;Sharp, William G.;Scahill, Lawrence
通讯作者：
Scahill, Lawrence
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Curtin C;Jojic M;Bandini LG
通讯作者：
Bandini LG