GFR estimation: from physiology to public health.

GFR estimation: from physiology to public health.
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DOI:
10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.12.006
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发表时间:
2014-05
期刊:
American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Coresh J
Coresh J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Levey AS;Inker LA;Coresh J

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估计肾小球滤过率(GFR)对于临床实践,研究和公共卫生至关重要。对估计的GFR(eGFR)的适当解释需要理解GFR估计方程开发和验证中使用的生理学、实验室医学、流行病学和生物统计学原理。在不同人群中开发的方程在较高的GFR下比在CKD人群中开发的方程偏倚更小,更适合一般使用。包含多种内源性滤过标记物的方程比包含单一滤过标记物的方程更精确。慢性肾脏病流行病学协作组(CKD-EPI)方程是最准确的GFR估计方程,已在大量不同人群中进行了评价,适用于一般临床使用。2009年CKD-EPI肌酐方程在估计GFR和预后方面比2006年肾脏疾病饮食改良(MDRD)研究方程更准确,并且提供了更低的eGFR降低患病率估计值。作为eGFR降低的“首次”检测是有用的,应取代MDRD研究公式,用于临床实验室常规报告基于血清肌酐的eGFR。2012年CKD-EPI胱抑素C方程在估计eGFR方面与2009年CKD-EPI肌酐方程一样准确,不需要指定种族,并且在肌肉质量减少的患者中可能更准确。2012年CKD-EPI肌酐-胱抑素C方程比2009年CKD-EPI肌酐和2012年CKD-EPI胱抑素C方程更准确,可用作基于血清肌酐的方程确定的eGFR降低的确证性检验。GFR估计方程的进一步改进需要在更广泛的代表性人群中开发,包括不同的种族和民族,使用多种滤过标志物,并使用统计技术进行评价,以比较eGFR与“真实GFR”。
Estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for clinical practice, research, and public health. Appropriate interpretation of estimated GFR (eGFR) requires understanding the principles of physiology, laboratory medicine, epidemiology and biostatistics used in the development and validation of GFR estimating equations. Equations developed in diverse populations are less biased at higher GFR than equations developed in CKD populations and are more appropriate for general use. Equations that include multiple endogenous filtration markers are more precise than equations including a single filtration marker. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations are the most accurate GFR estimating equations that have been evaluated in large, diverse populations and are applicable for general clinical use. The 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation is more accurate in estimating GFR and prognosis than the 2006 Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation and provides lower estimates of prevalence of decreased eGFR. It is useful as a “first” test for decreased eGFR and should replace the MDRD Study equation for routine reporting of serum creatinine–based eGFR by clinical laboratories. The 2012 CKD-EPI cystatin C equation is as accurate as the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation in estimating eGFR, does not require specification of race, and may be more accurate in patients with decreased muscle mass. The 2012 CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C equation is more accurate than the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine and 2012 CKD-EPI cystatin C equations and is useful as a confirmatory test for decreased eGFR as determined by an equation based on serum creatinine. Further improvement in GFR estimating equations will require development in more broadly representative populations, including diverse racial and ethnic groups, use of multiple filtration markers, and evaluation using statistical techniques to compare eGFR to “true GFR”.
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