Special delivery: distributing iron in the cytosol of mammalian cells.
Special delivery: distributing iron in the cytosol of mammalian cells.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2014.00173
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Ryu MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philpott CC;Ryu MS
真核细胞含有数百种需要铁辅助因子才能发挥活性的蛋白质。这些铁酶基本上位于每个亚细胞区室中；因此，铁辅助因子必须到达细胞的每个区室。铁辅助因子以三种基本形式存在：血红素、铁硫簇和简单铁离子（也称为非血红素铁）。细胞吸收的铁离子最初进入动力学不稳定的可交换池，称为不稳定铁池。该池中的大部分铁被输送到线粒体，在那里被掺入血红素和铁硫簇以及非血红素铁酶中。然后，这些辅助因子必须分布到线粒体、细胞质和膜结合细胞器中的新生蛋白质。新出现的证据表明，细胞内存在铁辅助因子分布的特定系统。这些系统包括膜转运蛋白、蛋白质伴侣、特殊载体和小分子。本综述重点关注铁离子在细胞质中的分布，并将强调简单真核生物和哺乳动物细胞的铁分布系统之间的差异。
Eukaryotic cells contain hundreds of proteins that require iron cofactors for activity. These iron enzymes are located in essentially every subcellular compartment; thus, iron cofactors must travel to every compartment in the cell. Iron cofactors exist in three basic forms: Heme, iron–sulfur clusters, and simple iron ions (also called non-heme iron). Iron ions taken up by the cell initially enter a kinetically labile, exchangeable pool that is referred to as the labile iron pool. The majority of the iron in this pool is delivered to mitochondria, where it is incorporated into heme and iron–sulfur clusters, as well as non-heme iron enzymes. These cofactors must then be distributed to nascent proteins in the mitochondria, cytosol, and membrane-bound organelles. Emerging evidence suggests that specific systems exist for the distribution of iron cofactors within the cell. These systems include membrane transporters, protein chaperones, specialized carriers, and small molecules. This review focuses on the distribution of iron ions in the cytosol and will highlight differences between the iron distribution systems of simple eukaryotes and mammalian cells.
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影响因子：
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