Parents' use of harsh punishment and young children's behaviour and achievement: a longitudinal study of Jamaican children with conduct problems.
Parents' use of harsh punishment and young children's behaviour and achievement: a longitudinal study of Jamaican children with conduct problems.
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DOI：
10.1017/gmh.2018.21
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Francis T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker-Henningham H;Francis T
父母的严厉惩罚在低收入和中等收入国家很常见，但来自低收入和中等收入国家的证据有限，表明严厉惩罚对孩子结果的影响。对有行为问题的儿童进行了一项纵向、前瞻性的研究，以考察父母在学龄前几年对儿童行为使用严厉惩罚与小学一年级学习成绩之间的关系。作为24所学龄前儿童有效性试验的一部分，225名被教师报告的行为问题水平最高的儿童接受了评估，他们的父母报告了他们使用严厉惩罚的频率。一年级的结果测量包括独立观察的儿童品行问题、教师和家长报告的儿童行为问题、教师和家长报告的儿童社交技能、儿童学习成绩和语言技能的直接测试，以及儿童注意力和冲动控制的测试者评分。儿童的平均年龄为6.92岁，其中61%是男孩。所有家长都报告使用了严厉的惩罚措施。在控制了孩子的年龄和性别、社会经济地位、父母对儿童和母亲教育的参与后，严厉惩罚的频率与独立课堂观察(p=0.037)、父母(p=0.018)和教师(p=0.044)报告中儿童行为问题的增长、教师(p=0.024)和父母(p=0.014)报告中儿童社交技能的减少以及在测试期间注意力较差有关。父母对有行为问题的学龄前儿童频繁使用严厉惩罚与后来的儿童行为之间的联系表明，需要对父母进行非暴力行为管理方面的培训。
Harsh punishment by parents is common in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), yet there is limited evidence from LMIC of the effects of harsh punishment on child outcomes. A longitudinal, prospective study was conducted with children with conduct problems to examine the associations between parents’ use of harsh punishment during the preschool years on child behaviour and school achievement in grade one of primary school. As part of an efficacy trial in 24 preschools, 225 children with the highest level of teacher-reported conduct problems were evaluated and their parents reported on how often they used harsh punishment. Outcome measures in grade one included child conduct problems by independent observation, teacher and parent report, child social skills by teacher and parent report, direct tests of children's academic achievement and language skills, and tester ratings of child attention and impulse control. Children had a mean age of 6.92 years and 61% were boys. All parents reported using harsh punishment. After controlling for child age and sex, socio-economic status, parents’ involvement with child and maternal education, frequency of harsh punishment was associated with growth in child conduct problems by independent classroom observations (p = 0.037), parent (p = 0.018) and teacher (p = 0.044) report, a reduction in child social skills by teacher (p = 0.024) and parent (p = 0.014) report and poorer attention during the test session (p = 0.049). The associations between frequency of parents’ use of harsh punishment with their preschoolers with conduct problems and later child behaviour indicate a need to train parents in non-violent behaviour management.
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DOI：
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