Peste des petits ruminants virus infection of small ruminants: a comprehensive review.
Peste des petits ruminants virus infection of small ruminants: a comprehensive review.
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DOI：
10.3390/v6062287
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发表时间：
2014-06-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ly H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar N;Maherchandani S;Kashyap SK;Singh SV;Sharma S;Chaubey KK;Ly H
小反刍兽疫（PPR）是由属于副粘病毒科的麻疹病毒引起的。PPR是一种急性、高度传染性和致命的疾病，主要影响山羊和绵羊，而牛则会发生亚临床感染。PPR的发病率和死亡率可高达90%，被列为OIE（国际兽疫局）列出的疾病。考虑到绵羊和山羊在非洲和南亚贫困和边缘农民生计中的重要性，PPR是粮食安全和扶贫的一个重要问题。PPR病毒（PPRV）和牛瘟病毒（RPV）是密切相关的麻疹病毒。牛瘟已通过大规模疫苗接种在全球范围内根除。虽然有减毒活疫苗可用于预防PPR，但由于其在亚热带气候中的不稳定性（热敏感性），所需剂量的不可用性和覆盖率不足（群体免疫），疾病控制计划并没有取得很大成功。此外，新出现的疫苗株和目前在该领域传播的PPRV毒株之间交叉中和性差的证据引起了对现有PPR疫苗保护效力的担忧。本文就PPRV的复制、致病机理、疫苗免疫应答及疾病控制等方面的研究进展作一综述。还试图强调目前的趋势，了解主机的敏感性和耐药性PPR。
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is caused by a Morbillivirus that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. PPR is an acute, highly contagious and fatal disease primarily affecting goats and sheep, whereas cattle undergo sub-clinical infection. With morbidity and mortality rates that can be as high as 90%, PPR is classified as an OIE (Office International des Epizooties)-listed disease. Considering the importance of sheep and goats in the livelihood of the poor and marginal farmers in Africa and South Asia, PPR is an important concern for food security and poverty alleviation. PPR virus (PPRV) and rinderpest virus (RPV) are closely related Morbilliviruses. Rinderpest has been globally eradicated by mass vaccination. Though a live attenuated vaccine is available against PPR for immunoprophylaxis, due to its instability in subtropical climate (thermo-sensitivity), unavailability of required doses and insufficient coverage (herd immunity), the disease control program has not been a great success. Further, emerging evidence of poor cross neutralization between vaccine strain and PPRV strains currently circulating in the field has raised concerns about the protective efficacy of the existing PPR vaccines. This review summarizes the recent advancement in PPRV replication, its pathogenesis, immune response to vaccine and disease control. Attempts have also been made to highlight the current trends in understanding the host susceptibility and resistance to PPR.
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