Why do fearful facial expressions elicit behavioral approach? Evidence from a combined approach-avoidance implicit association test.

Why do fearful facial expressions elicit behavioral approach? Evidence from a combined approach-avoidance implicit association test.
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DOI:
10.1037/emo0000054
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发表时间:
2015-04
期刊:
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Marsh, Abigail A.
Marsh, Abigail A.
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hammer, Jennifer L.;Marsh, Abigail A.

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尽管传达的是一种“消极”的情绪,恐惧的面部表情主要引起感知者的行为接近。据推测,这种看似矛盾的效应可能是由于恐惧的表情与脆弱的婴儿脸相似而发生的。然而,这一假设尚未得到检验。我们使用了一个联合的接近-回避/内隐联想测试(IAT)来检验这一假设。参与者完成了一个接近回避杠杆任务,在此期间,他们回应恐惧和愤怒的面部表情,以及中性的婴儿和成人的脸在IAT格式。结果表明,恐惧的面部表情和婴儿的面孔之间的内隐关联,并表明,恐惧的表情和婴儿的面孔主要引起行为的方法。恐惧的表情和婴儿的脸的方法反应的优势下降作为一个功能的精神病人格特质。结果表明,亲社会的反应,在大多数人中观察到的恐惧表情可能源于他们的协会与婴儿的面孔。
Despite communicating a “negative” emotion, fearful facial expressions predominantly elicit behavioral approach from perceivers. It has been hypothesized that this seemingly paradoxical effect may occur due to fearful expressions’ resemblance to vulnerable, infantile faces. However, this hypothesis has not yet been tested. We used a combined approach-avoidance/implicit association test (IAT) to test this hypothesis. Participants completed an approach-avoidance lever task during which they responded to fearful and angry facial expressions as well as neutral infant and adult faces presented in an IAT format. Results demonstrated an implicit association between fearful facial expressions and infant faces and showed that both fearful expressions and infant faces primarily elicit behavioral approach. The dominance of approach responses to both fearful expressions and infant faces decreased as a function of psychopathic personality traits. Results suggest that the prosocial responses to fearful expressions observed in most individuals may stem from their associations with infantile faces.
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