Dendritic growth gated by a steroid hormone receptor underlies increases in activity in the developing Drosophila locomotor system
Dendritic growth gated by a steroid hormone receptor underlies increases in activity in the developing Drosophila locomotor system
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由类固醇激素受体控制的树突生长是果蝇运动系统发育中活动增加的基础
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1311711110
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Landgraf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maarten F. Zwart;Owen Randlett;J. Evers;M. Landgraf
为什么大的动物有更大的大脑，它们是如何得到它们的？我们在果蝇幼虫中发现，运动神经元树突（从其他神经元接收信息的分支结构）随着动物变大而生长，并且这是由类固醇激素受体的特定亚型在细胞的基础上进行调节的，其功能尚不清楚。当这些树突扩大时，它们与突触前伙伴形成更多的连接，导致更高水平的神经元活动。我们认为，这些神经细胞增加了它们的活动，以补偿更大的身体的需求。随着动物的成长，它们的神经系统也在增加。中枢神经系统的生长是如何调节的，其功能后果还不完全清楚。我们探讨了这些问题，使用幼虫果蝇运动系统作为模型。在外周，在神经肌肉接头处，已知运动神经元在尺寸和强度上扩大其突触前轴突末端，从而补偿与肌肉尺寸增加相关的肌肉兴奋性降低。在这里，我们研究了运动神经元在动物生长期间中枢神经系统的变化。我们发现，在中枢神经系统运动神经元也扩大其突触后树突乔木，净增加分支，这些规模与整体动物的大小。这种树突状细胞的生长是通过类固醇激素受体蜕皮激素受体-B2的一种特异性亚型在细胞间进行门控的，其功能至今仍不清楚。树突生长伴随着突触强化，并导致神经元活动增加。然而，这些神经元的电特性独立于蜕皮激素受体B2的调节。我们建议，这些结构树突的变化，在中枢神经系统，调节神经元的活动，构成了额外的一部分的运动系统的适应性反应，以增加身体和肌肉的大小，随着动物的成长。
Significance Why do bigger animals have bigger brains, and how do they get them? We find in Drosophila larvae that motoneuron dendrites, the branched structures receiving information from other neurons, grow as the animal gets bigger, and that this is regulated on a cell-by-cell basis by a specific isoform of a steroid hormone receptor, whose functions were unknown. As these dendrites enlarge, they form more connections with presynaptic partners, leading to greater levels of neuronal activity. We propose that these nerve cells increase their activity to compensate for the demands of a bigger body. As animals grow, their nervous systems also increase in size. How growth in the central nervous system is regulated and its functional consequences are incompletely understood. We explored these questions, using the larval Drosophila locomotor system as a model. In the periphery, at neuromuscular junctions, motoneurons are known to enlarge their presynaptic axon terminals in size and strength, thereby compensating for reductions in muscle excitability that are associated with increases in muscle size. Here, we studied how motoneurons change in the central nervous system during periods of animal growth. We find that within the central nervous system motoneurons also enlarge their postsynaptic dendritic arbors, by the net addition of branches, and that these scale with overall animal size. This dendritic growth is gated on a cell-by-cell basis by a specific isoform of the steroid hormone receptor ecdysone receptor-B2, for which functions have thus far remained elusive. The dendritic growth is accompanied by synaptic strengthening and results in increased neuronal activity. Electrical properties of these neurons, however, are independent of ecdysone receptor-B2 regulation. We propose that these structural dendritic changes in the central nervous system, which regulate neuronal activity, constitute an additional part of the adaptive response of the locomotor system to increases in body and muscle size as the animal grows.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
J. Truman;W. S. Talbot;S. Fahrbach;D. Hogness
通讯作者：
J. Truman;W. S. Talbot;S. Fahrbach;D. Hogness
DOI：
10.1111/ejn.12104
发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kuehn C;Duch C
通讯作者：
Duch C
DOI：
--
发表时间：
--
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Mee;Edward C. G. Pym;K. Moffat;R. Baines
通讯作者：
C. Mee;Edward C. G. Pym;K. Moffat;R. Baines
影响因子：
--
作者：
Riddiford, L M;Cherbas, P;Truman, J W
通讯作者：
Truman, J W
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Choi, JC;Park, D;Griffith, LC
通讯作者：
Griffith, LC