Nasopharyngeal morphology contributes to understanding the “muddle in the middle” of the Pleistocene hominin fossil record
Nasopharyngeal morphology contributes to understanding the “muddle in the middle” of the Pleistocene hominin fossil record
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鼻咽形态有助于理解更新世人类化石记录的“中间混乱”
DOI:
10.1002/ar.24913
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Laitman, Jeffrey T.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pagano, Anthony S.;Smith, Christopher M.;Balzeau, Antoine;Márquez, Samuel;Laitman, Jeffrey T.
The late archeologist Glynn Isaac first applied the term “muddle in the middle” to a poorly understood period in the Middle Pleistocene human fossil record. This study uses the nasopharyngeal boundaries as a source of traits that may inform this unclear period of human evolution. The nasopharynx lies at the nexus of several vital physiological systems, yet relatively little is known about its importance in human evolution. We analyzed a geographically diverse contemporaryHomo sapiensgrowth series (n= 180 adults, 237 nonadults),Homo neanderthalensis(La Chapelle aux Saints 1, La Ferrassie 1, Forbes Quarry 1, Monte Circeo 1, and Saccopastore 1), mid‐PleistoceneHomo(Atapuerca 5, Kabwe 1, Petralona 1, and Steinheim 1), and twoHomo erectussensulato(KNM‐ER 3733 and Sangiran 17). Methods include traditional (Analysis 1) and 3D geometric morphometric analysis (Analysis 2).H.erectusexhibited tall, narrow nasopharyngeal shape, a robust, ancestral morphology. Kabwe 1 and Petralona 1 plotted amongH. sapiensin Analysis 2, exhibiting relatively shorter and vertical cartilaginous Eustachian tubes and vertical medial pterygoid plates. Atapuerca 5 and Steinheim 1 exhibited horizontal vomeral orientation similar toH. neanderthalensis, indicating greater relative soft palate length and anteroposterior nasopharynx expansion. They may exhibit synapomorphies withH. neanderthalensis, supporting the accretionary hypothesis. Species‐level differences were found amongH. sapiensandH. neanderthalensis, including relatively longer dilator tubae muscles and extreme facial airorhynchy among Neanderthals. Furthermore,H. neanderthalensiswere autapomorphic in exhibiting horizontal pterygoid plate orientation similar to human infants, suggesting that they may have had inferiorly low placement of the torus tubarius and Eustachian tube orifice on the lateral nasopharyngeal wall in life. This study supports use of osseous nasopharyngeal boundaries both for morphological characters and understanding evolution of otitis media susceptibility in living humans.
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影响因子:
3.2
作者:
A. Mounier;M. Mirazón Lahr
通讯作者:
M. Mirazón Lahr
影响因子:
3.2
作者:
M. Skinner;D. de Vries;P. Gunz;Kornelius Kupczik;R. P. Klassen;J. Hublin;M. Roksandic
通讯作者:
M. Roksandic
DOI:
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发表时间:
1962
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
J. Rudner
通讯作者:
J. Rudner
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
M. Roksandic;P. Radović;Joshua Lindal
通讯作者:
Joshua Lindal
DOI:
10.3166/bmsap-2019-0055
发表时间:
2019-04
期刊:
Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris
影响因子:
--
作者:
M. Bastir
通讯作者:
M. Bastir