Multiplexed detection and label-free quantitation of microRNAs using arrays of silicon photonic microring resonators.
Multiplexed detection and label-free quantitation of microRNAs using arrays of silicon photonic microring resonators.
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.201001712
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发表时间：
2010-06-21
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Bailey, Ryan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qavi, Abraham J.;Bailey, Ryan C.
microRNA（miRNAs）是短的（19至24个核苷酸）单链非蛋白质编码RNA，是基因表达的强大转录和转录后调节因子。与小干扰RNA（siRNA）不同，miRNA是基因组编码的，在一系列正常细胞过程中发挥关键作用，包括增殖，凋亡和发育。[1-4]毫不奇怪，miRNA也与许多疾病有关，包括癌症[5-8]神经退行性疾病[9-11]和糖尿病[12-14]，并且代表了用于信息诊断的有希望的生物标志物候选物。尽管它们在基因调控中的重要性越来越被人们所理解，但用于定量多种miRNA的灵敏分析技术的发展却落后了。此外，目前用于miRNA表达分析的方法不适用于样本量有限且测定成本和获得结果的时间非常重要的临床环境。与有利地利用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）来增加靶序列的量的大多数核酸分析技术相反，miRNA由于其小的尺寸而不容易扩增，其禁止标准引物杂交。[15]虽然已经开发出了能够进行逆转录酶-PCR扩增的创造性方法，[16-18]但许多常规的miRNA分析容易发生序列偏倚扩增或受到大量样品需求的阻碍。最广泛报道的miRNA分析技术，北方印迹，需要大量的起始材料，是极其费力的，并且不适合大规模的多路复用。[19]最近，已经报道了许多新的miRNA分析方法，其具有高灵敏度，但通常以测定简单性和可扩展性、多路复用能力或快速分析时间为代价。[20-27]
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (19 to 24 nucleotides), single-stranded, non-protein-coding RNAs that are powerful transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Unlike small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), miRNAs are genomically encoded and play key roles in a range of normal cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and development.[1-4] Not surprisingly, miRNAs have also been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer,[5-8] neurodegenerative disorders,[9-11] and diabetes,[12-14] and represent promising biomarker candidates for informative diagnostics. Despite their increasingly well-understood importance in gene regulation, the development of sensitive analytical techniques for the quantitation of multiple miRNAs has lagged behind. Furthermore, current methodologies for miRNA expression analysis are not applicable to a clinical setting where sample sizes are limited and assay cost and time-to-result is of tremendous importance.In contrast to most nucleic acid analysis technologies that advantageously utilize the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to increase the amount of the target sequence, miRNAs are not easily amplified on account of their small size, which prohibits standard primer hybridization.[15] Although creative approaches that enable reverse transcriptase-PCR amplification have been developed,[16-18] many conventional miRNA analyses are prone to sequence-biased amplification or hindered by the need for large amounts of sample. The most widely reported miRNA analysis technique, Northern blotting, requires substantial amounts of starting material, is extremely laborious, and is not amenable to large-scale multiplexing.[19] Recently, a number of new miRNA analysis methods have been reported that feature high sensitivity, but often at the expense of assay simplicity and scalability, multiplexing capability, or rapid analysis time.[20-27]
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Chen C;Ridzon DA;Broomer AJ;Zhou Z;Lee DH;Nguyen JT;Barbisin M;Xu NL;Mahuvakar VR;Andersen MR;Lao KQ;Livak KJ;Guegler KJ
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