Simulating shrubs and their energy and carbon dioxide fluxes in Canada's Low Arctic with the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC)
Simulating shrubs and their energy and carbon dioxide fluxes in Canada's Low Arctic with the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC)
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使用包括生物地球化学循环在内的加拿大陆地表面方案模拟加拿大低北极地区的灌木及其能量和二氧化碳通量（经典）
DOI：
10.5194/bg-18-3263-2021
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
P. Lafleur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gesa Meyer;E. Humphreys;J. Melton;A. J. Cannon;P. Lafleur
抽象的。北极的气候变化正在导致植被群落的变化、永久冻土的退化以及苔原地表-大气层能量和碳通量的改变等变化。然而，在高纬度地区全年的碳和能量通量测量仍然很少。这对评估气候变化对北极苔原生态系统的影响以及开发和评估基于过程的模型提出了挑战，这些模型可用于预测区域和全球对气候系统的能量和碳反馈。我们的研究使用了14年的季节性涡度相关（EC）测量的二氧化碳（CO2），水和能量通量，冬季土壤室CO2通量测量在加拿大南部北极生态区的连续多年冻土下的矮灌木苔原网站，以评估加拿大陆地表面计划包括生物地球化学循环（CLASSIC）中灌木植物功能类型（PFT）的纳入，加拿大地球系统模型的陆地表面部分。除了新的PFT之外，还应用了水从地面蒸发的效率的修改。这种修改解决了高地面蒸发偏差，降低了模型的性能时，土壤变得非常干燥，有限的热量流入地面，并通过水分胁迫效应降低植物生产力。与CLASSIC先前用于代表北极多年冻土影响地区植被的草和树PFT相比，使用新灌木PFT的模拟更好地捕捉了灌木对矮灌木苔原评估点能量和CO2通量的大小和季节性的物理和生态地球化学影响。然而，修订后的模型往往高估了总初级生产力，特别是在春季，并高估了冬末二氧化碳排放量。平均而言，年净生态系统CO2交换在所有模拟中均为正值，表明该站点是一个净CO2源，使用灌木PFT为18 ± 4 g C m −2 yr −1，使用草PFT为15 ± 6 g C m −2 yr −1，使用树木PFT为25 ± 5 g C m −2 yr −1。这些结果突出了在基于过程的模型中使用适当的PFT来模拟当前和未来北极地表-大气相互作用的重要性。
Abstract. Climate change in the Arctic is leading to shifts in vegetation communities, permafrost degradation and alteration of tundra surface–atmosphere energy and carbon (C) fluxes, among other changes. However, year-round C and energy flux measurements at high-latitude sites remain rare. This poses a challenge for evaluating the impacts of climate change on Arctic tundra ecosystems and for developing and evaluating process-based models, which may be used to predict regional and global energy and C feedbacks to the climate system. Our study used 14 years of seasonal eddy covariance (EC) measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water and energy fluxes, and winter soil chamber CO 2 flux measurements at a dwarf-shrub tundra site underlain by continuous permafrost in Canada’s Southern Arctic ecozone to evaluate the incorporation of shrub plant functional types (PFTs) in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles (CLASSIC), the land surface component of the Canadian Earth System Model. In addition to new PFTs, a modification of the efficiency with which water evaporates from the ground surface was applied. This modification addressed a high ground evaporation bias that reduced model performance when soils became very dry, limited heat flow into the ground, and reduced plant productivity through water stress effects. Compared to the grass and tree PFTs previously used by CLASSIC to represent the vegetation in Arctic permafrost-affected regions, simulations with the new shrub PFTs better capture the physical and biogeochemical impact of shrubs on the magnitude and seasonality of energy and CO 2 fluxes at the dwarf-shrub tundra evaluation site. The revised model, however, tends to overestimate gross primary productivity, particularly in spring, and overestimated late-winter CO 2 emissions. On average, annual net ecosystem CO 2 exchange was positive for all simulations, suggesting this site was a net CO 2 source of 18 ± 4 g C m −2 yr −1 using shrub PFTs, 15 ± 6 g C m −2 yr −1 using grass PFTs, and 25 ± 5 g C m −2 yr −1 using tree PFTs. These results highlight the importance of using appropriate PFTs in process-based models to simulate current and future Arctic surface–atmosphere interactions.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
M. Shi;N. Parazoo;Sujong Jeong;L. Birch;P. Lawrence;E. Euskirchen;C. Miller
通讯作者：
M. Shi;N. Parazoo;Sujong Jeong;L. Birch;P. Lawrence;E. Euskirchen;C. Miller
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1719903115
发表时间：
2018-04-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
McGuire AD;Lawrence DM;Koven C;Clein JS;Burke E;Chen G;Jafarov E;MacDougall AH;Marchenko S;Nicolsky D;Peng S;Rinke A;Ciais P;Gouttevin I;Hayes DJ;Ji D;Krinner G;Moore JC;Romanovsky V;Schädel C;Schaefer K;Schuur EAG;Zhuang Q
通讯作者：
Zhuang Q
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Ciais, P.;Tan, J.;Tans, P.
通讯作者：
Tans, P.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1618567114
发表时间：
2017-05-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Commane, Roisin;Lindaas, Jakob;Wofsy, Steven C.
通讯作者：
Wofsy, Steven C.