MicroRNAs: tools for cancer diagnostics.
MicroRNAs: tools for cancer diagnostics.
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DOI：
10.1136/gut.2009.179531
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发表时间：
2009-11
期刊：
影响因子：
24.5
通讯作者：
Weidhaas JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paranjape T;Slack FJ;Weidhaas JB
最近，一类新的全球基因调控因子称为microRNA（miRNAs），在植物和动物中被发现。MiRNA可以降低其靶基因的蛋白质水平，而对靶基因的mRNA的影响较小。越来越多的证据表明miRNA在癌症中的重要性。在癌症中过表达的miRNA可能作为癌基因发挥作用，并且在正常组织中具有肿瘤抑制活性的miRNA可能在癌症中下调。尽管我们在癌症生物学的理解以及新靶向疗法的开发方面取得了重大进展，但在开发改进的早期诊断和筛查测试方面的进展仍然不足。这导致大多数癌症在晚期才被诊断出来，延误了及时治疗，结果不佳。有大量的研究寻求能够识别早期癌症或前驱病变患者的特定分子变化。各种癌症中的miRNA表达数据表明，与正常细胞相比，癌细胞具有不同的miRNA谱，从而强调了miRNA在癌症中的巨大诊断和治疗潜力。miRNAs的这些独特性质使其成为临床诊断以及未来个体患者个性化护理的非常有用的潜在试剂。
Recently, a novel class of global gene regulators called microRNAs (miRNAs), were identified in both plants and animals. MiRNAs can reduce protein levels of their target genes with a minor impact on the target genes' mRNAs. Accumulating evidence demonstrates the importance of miRNAs in cancer. MiRNAs that are overexpressed in cancer may function as oncogenes, and miRNAs with tumour suppressor activity in normal tissue may be downregulated in cancer. Although major advances have been achieved in our understanding of cancer biology, as well as in the development of new targeted therapies, the progress in developing improved early diagnosis and screening tests has been inadequate. This results in most cancers being diagnosed in advanced stages, delaying timely treatment and leading to poor outcomes. There is intense research seeking specific molecular changes that are able to identify patients with early cancer or precursor lesions. MiRNA expression data in various cancers demonstrate that cancer cells have different miRNA profiles compared with normal cells, thus underscoring the tremendous diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNAs in cancer. These unique properties of miRNAs make them extremely useful potential agents for clinical diagnostics as well as in personalised care for individual patients in the future.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05666.x
发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
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