From empiricism to rational design: a personal perspective of the evolution of vaccine development.
From empiricism to rational design: a personal perspective of the evolution of vaccine development.
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DOI：
10.1038/nri3694
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rappuoli R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Gregorio E;Rappuoli R
疫苗接种的技术革命——从Jenner和Pasteur开创的经验方法到结构和反向疫苗学的最新发展，再加上合成生物学——为开发针对所有传染病的更安全、更有效的疫苗带来了巨大的希望。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1038/nri3694）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。疫苗接种是有史以来最有效的医疗干预措施，它源于人们的观察，即在鼠疫或天花中幸存下来的人不会再次感染这种疾病。为了模拟自然感染的保护作用，詹纳和后来的巴斯德给个体接种了减毒或杀死的致病因子。这种经验方法激发了一个世纪的疫苗开发和许多传染病的有效预防。从20世纪80年代开始，几波新技术使开发出使用经验方法无法开发的新型疫苗成为可能。疫苗接种领域的技术革命正在继续，它正在提供新颖和更安全的疫苗。在这篇时间轴文章中，我们提供了我们对从经验主义到理性疫苗设计的转变的看法。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1038/nri3694）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The technological revolution in vaccination — from the empirical approach pioneered by Jenner and Pasteur to the recent developments in structural and reverse vaccinology, combined with synthetic biology — promises great hope for the development of safer and more effective vaccines against all infectious diseases. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nri3694) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Vaccination, which is the most effective medical intervention that has ever been introduced, originated from the observation that individuals who survived a plague or smallpox would not get the disease twice. To mimic the protective effects of natural infection, Jenner — and later Pasteur — inoculated individuals with attenuated or killed disease-causing agents. This empirical approach inspired a century of vaccine development and the effective prophylaxis of many infectious diseases. From the 1980s, several waves of new technologies have enabled the development of novel vaccines that would not have been possible using the empirical approach. The technological revolution in the field of vaccination is now continuing, and it is delivering novel and safer vaccines. In this Timeline article, we provide our views on the transition from empiricism to rational vaccine design. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nri3694) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Black, S;Shinefield, H;Edwards, K
通讯作者：
Edwards, K
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Bart, Stephan A.;Hohenboken, Matthew;Kanesa-thasan, Niranjan
通讯作者：
Kanesa-thasan, Niranjan
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
Avery, OT;Goebel, WF
通讯作者：
Goebel, WF
DOI：
10.3181/00379727-151-39288
发表时间：
1976-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
BUYNAK, EB;ROEHM, RR;HILLEMAN, MR
通讯作者：
HILLEMAN, MR
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Buchbinder, Susan P.;Mehrotra, Devon V.;Duerr, Ann;Fitzgerald, Daniel W.;Mogg, Robin;Li, David;Gilbert, Peter B.;Lama, Javier R.;Marmor, Michael;del Rio, Carlos;McElrath, M. Juliana;Casimiro, Danilo R.;Gottesdiener, Keith M.;Chodakewitz, Jeffrey A.;Corey, Lawrence;Robertson, Michael N.
通讯作者：
Robertson, Michael N.