Substrate Utilization and Hormonal Responses to Exercise in Pregnancy
Substrate Utilization and Hormonal Responses to Exercise in Pregnancy
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孕期运动的底物利用和激素反应
DOI：
10.1097/00003081-200306000-00025
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
R. Mcmurray
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. C. Bessinger;R. Mcmurray
母亲的代谢变化发生在怀孕期间，为胎儿提供持续的能量供应。这些变化似乎是为了1)在怀孕早期储存母亲脂肪，供母亲在怀孕后期利用，此时胎儿对能量的需求增加，以及2)胎儿对母亲葡萄糖的直接需求，以满足即时需求。运动还会导致对能量的需求增加，并通过锻炼肌肉来增加对血糖的吸收。运动对血糖的需求增加，加上胎儿对母体葡萄糖的需求，有可能导致母体低血糖，并可能减少胎儿对葡萄糖的供应。此外，怀孕期间蛋白质需求增加，因为发育中的母体和胎儿组织合成所需的氨基酸。如果运动增加蛋白质作为底物的使用，那么母体组织和胎儿生长所需的氨基酸供应可能会受到影响。运动中的能量代谢和底物利用受到的关注有限。任何关于怀孕期间运动底物利用的讨论都会因为几个因素而变得复杂，包括运动强度和持续时间、运动类型、饮食、怀孕阶段、训练状态和激素反应。本文将简要综述1)运动的正常代谢反应，重点是底物的使用，2)怀孕对静息时底物(常量营养素)利用的影响，3)运动对底物利用的急性和长期影响，以及4)与孕妇运动代谢有关的可能的激素机制。
Maternal metabolic changes occur during pregnancy to provide the fetus with a continuous energy supply. These changes appear directed toward 1) storing maternal fat during early pregnancy that can be used by the mother during late pregnancy, when there is an increased fetal demand for energy, and 2) direct demands by the fetus on maternal glucose to meet immediate needs. Exercise also causes an increased demand for energy and increases the uptake of blood glucose by exercising muscle. The increased glycemic requirement of exercise plus the fetal demands on maternal glucose has the potential to result in maternal hypoglycemia and a possible decrease in glucose availability to the fetus. In addition, protein needs increase during pregnancy because of the amino acids necessary for the synthesis of developing maternal and fetal tissues. If exercise increases the use of protein as a substrate, then the availability of amino acids for maternal tissues and fetal growth may be compromised. Energy metabolism and substrate utilization during exercise has received limited attention. Any discussion on exercise substrate utilization during pregnancy is complicated by several factors, including exercise intensity and duration, type of exercise, diet, stage of pregnancy, training status, and hormonal responses. This manuscript will briefly review 1) the normal metabolic responses to exercise, focusing on substrate use, 2) the influence of pregnancy on substrate (macronutrient) utilization at rest, 3) the acute and prolonged effects of exercise on substrate utilization, and 4) possible hormonal mechanisms related to exercise metabolism in pregnant women.
正常人类妊娠中的葡萄糖-丙氨酸关系。
DOI：
10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90010-5
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Metabolism: clinical and experimental
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kalhan,SC;Gilfillan,CA;Tserng,KY;Savin,SM
通讯作者：
Savin,SM