Study of chest injuries to 3-year-old child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs
Study of chest injuries to 3-year-old child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs
复制标题
坐在防撞罩和 5 点式安全带 CRS 中的 3 岁儿童乘员胸部受伤的研究
DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2017.1385780
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Cang Anguo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Han Yong;Pan Di;Ouyang Jun;Qian Lei;Mizuno Koji;Cang Anguo
摘要目的：本研究的目的是探讨5点安全带或冲击防护儿童约束系统（CRS）或两者是否有可能导致儿童胸部损伤。这是通过检查胸部的负荷是否达到儿童内脏器官损伤阈值来确定的。方法：采用Q3假人试验、有限元模拟（Q3假人和人模型）和动物试验对CRS中儿童乘员的胸部损伤风险进行研究。根据UN R44动态测试规范，对2种CRS（即冲击屏蔽CRS和5点线束CRS）进行了调查。结果：使用Q3假人的试验表明，虽然假人在防冲击CRS中的胸部挠度较大，但小于损伤阈值（40 mm）。计算生物力学模拟（使用有限元有限元分析）表明，Q3假人的胸部受到盾牌的载荷，并在这种载荷下发生了很大的变形。7到13公斤。在使用冲击防护CRS进行的试验中发现了严重的胸部和腹部损伤（肺挫伤、冠状动脉撕裂伤、肝脏撕裂伤）。使用5点安全带CRS时，没有出现胸部损伤。结论：使用冲击屏蔽CRS时，假人试验和有限元模拟中胸部变形较大，猪试验中出现胸部和腹部损伤。这些胸部损伤也可能发生在坐在防撞罩CRS中的儿童乘客身上。
ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the 5-point harness or the impact shield child restraint system (CRS) or both have the potential to cause chest injuries to children. This is determined by examining whether the loading to the chest reaches the internal organ injury threshold for children. Method: The chest injury risk to a child occupant in a CRS was investigated using Q3 dummy tests, finite element (FE) simulations (Q3 dummy and human models), and animal tests. The investigation was done for 2 types of CRSs (i.e., the impact shield CRS and 5-point harness CRS) based on the UN R44 dynamic test specifications. Results: The tests using a Q3 dummy indicated that although the chest deflection of the dummy in the impact shield CRS was large, it was less than the injury threshold (40 mm). Computational biomechanics simulations (using finite element FE analysis) showed that the Q3 dummy's chest is loaded by the shield and deforms substantially under this load. To clarify whether chest injuries due to chest compression can occur with an impact shield or with the 5-point harness CRS, 7 experiments were performed using Tibetan miniature pigs with weights ranging from 9.7 to 13 kg. Severe chest and abdominal injuries (lung contusion, coronary artery laceration, liver laceration) were found in the tests using the impact shield CRS. No chest injuries were present when using the 5-point harness CRS. Conclusion: When using the impact shield CRS, the chest deformed substantially in dummy tests and FE simulations, and chest and abdominal injuries were observed in pig tests. It is possible that these chest injuries could also occur to child occupants sitting in the impact shield CRS.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
J. Wismans;C. D. Waagmeester;M. Claire;D. Hynd;K. D. Jager;A. Palisson;M. Ratingen;X. Trosseille
通讯作者：
J. Wismans;C. D. Waagmeester;M. Claire;D. Hynd;K. D. Jager;A. Palisson;M. Ratingen;X. Trosseille
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Yoshinori Tanaka;Hideki Yonezawa;N. Hosokawa;Y. Matsui;K. Mizuno;M. Yamaguchi;Ryoichi Yoshida
通讯作者：
Yoshinori Tanaka;Hideki Yonezawa;N. Hosokawa;Y. Matsui;K. Mizuno;M. Yamaguchi;Ryoichi Yoshida
DOI：
10.4271/933105
发表时间：
1993-11
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
F. Cassan;M. Page;Y. Pincemaille;D. Kallieris;C. Tarrière
通讯作者：
F. Cassan;M. Page;Y. Pincemaille;D. Kallieris;C. Tarrière
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-4154-0
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
--
影响因子：
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作者：
J. Crandall;B. Myers;D. Meaney;S. Z. Schmidtke
通讯作者：
J. Crandall;B. Myers;D. Meaney;S. Z. Schmidtke
DOI：
10.4271/973309
发表时间：
1997-11
期刊：
SAE transactions
影响因子：
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作者：
T. Hummel;K. Langwieder;F. Finkbeiner;W. Hell
通讯作者：
T. Hummel;K. Langwieder;F. Finkbeiner;W. Hell