Measurement of skeletal muscle radiation attenuation and basis of its biological variation.
Measurement of skeletal muscle radiation attenuation and basis of its biological variation.
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DOI：
10.1111/apha.12224
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发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mazurak VC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aubrey J;Esfandiari N;Baracos VE;Buteau FA;Frenette J;Putman CT;Mazurak VC
骨骼肌在肌细胞和肌间脂肪细胞的胞浆中含有肌内脂滴。这些仓库表现出生理和病理变化，这是随着磁共振(MR)成像、磁共振波谱和计算机断层扫描(CT)等诊断成像方法的出现而揭示的。CT使用计算机处理的X光，现在正被应用于肌肉生理学研究。本综述的目的是介绍CT方法并总结影响肌肉辐射衰减的因素，肌肉辐射衰减是一种与肌肉脂肪含量成反比的参数。预定义的辐射衰减范围用于划分肌肉间脂肪组织[从−190到−30 Hounsfield单位(HU)]和肌肉(−29 Hounsfield单位到+150 Hounsfield单位)。在后一范围内，报告了平均肌肉辐射衰减[肌肉(辐射)密度]。用于比较不同研究之间肌肉衰减极限的上下HU截止值的标准不一致。这一研究领域将受益于报告肌肉衰减的标准化标准。现有证据表明，肌肉衰减是可塑性的，具有生理变化，由衰老过程和有氧训练引起，这可能反映了为有氧工作提供能量的脂质积累。肌肉衰减的病理变化反映了组织中过多的脂肪沉积，在肥胖症、2型糖尿病、肌炎、骨关节炎、椎管狭窄和癌症患者中可以观察到这种变化。患有这些疾病的患者平均肌肉衰减值降低，预示着预后不良和不同类型的发病率；然而，具有这些特征的肌肉的生物学特征需要进一步研究。
Skeletal muscle contains intramyocellular lipid droplets within the cytoplasm of myocytes as well as intermuscular adipocytes. These depots exhibit physiological and pathological variation which has been revealed with the advent of diagnostic imaging approaches: magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, MR spectroscopy and computed tomography (CT). CT uses computer-processed X-rays and is now being applied in muscle physiology research. The purpose of this review is to present CT methodologies and summarize factors that influence muscle radiation attenuation, a parameter which is inversely related to muscle fat content. Pre-defined radiation attenuation ranges are used to demarcate intermuscular adipose tissue [from −190 to −30 Hounsfield units (HU)] and muscle (−29 HU to +150 HU). Within the latter range, the mean muscle radiation attenuation [muscle (radio) density] is reported. Inconsistent criteria for the upper and lower HU cut-offs used to characterize muscle attenuation limit comparisons between investigations. This area of research would benefit from standardized criteria for reporting muscle attenuation. Available evidence suggests that muscle attenuation is plastic with physiological variation induced by the process of ageing, as well as by aerobic training, which probably reflects accumulation of lipids to fuel aerobic work. Pathological variation in muscle attenuation reflects excess fat deposition in the tissue and is observed in people with obesity, diabetes type II, myositis, osteoarthritis, spinal stenosis and cancer. A poor prognosis and different types of morbidity are predicted by the presence of reduced mean muscle attenuation values in patients with these conditions; however, the biological features of muscle with these characteristics require further investigation.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Froholdt, Anne;Holm, Inger;Brox, Jens I.
通讯作者：
Brox, Jens I.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1093/geronj/38.6.678
发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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13.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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