NSUN3 and ABH1 modify the wobble position of mt-tRNAMet to expand codon recognition in mitochondrial translation.

NSUN3 and ABH1 modify the wobble position of mt-tRNAMet to expand codon recognition in mitochondrial translation.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.201694885
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发表时间:
2016-10-04
期刊:
The EMBO journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bohnsack MT
Bohnsack MT
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Haag S;Sloan KE;Ranjan N;Warda AS;Kretschmer J;Blessing C;Hübner B;Seikowski J;Dennerlein S;Rehling P;Rodnina MV;Höbartner C;Bohnsack MT

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线粒体基因表达使用哺乳动物中的非通用遗传密码。除了阅读常规AUG密码子之外,线粒体(mt-)tRNAM et还介导在翻译起始期间在AUA和AUU密码子上以及在延伸期间在AUA密码子上的甲硫氨酸掺入。我们发现,RNA甲基转移酶NSUN 3定位于线粒体,并与mt-tRNAM等相互作用,在摆动位置甲基化胞嘧啶34(C34)。NSUN 3特异性识别tRNA的反密码子茎环(ASL),解释了为什么损害ASL碱基配对的突变会导致疾病。我们进一步确定ALKBH 1/ABH 1作为负责氧化mt‐tRNAM的m5 C34等以产生f5 C34修饰的双加氧酶。线粒体翻译因子的体外密码子识别研究表明,m5 C34 mt-tRNA Met在起始过程中优先利用。NSUN 3或ABH 1的耗尽强烈影响人类细胞中的线粒体翻译,这意味着由这两种酶产生的修饰对于mt-tRNAM et功能是必需的。总之,我们的数据揭示了mt-tRNAM et中的修饰是如何通过NSUN 3和ABH 1的顺序作用产生的,从而允许单个线粒体tRNAM et识别编码甲硫氨酸的不同密码子。
Mitochondrial gene expression uses a non‐universal genetic code in mammals. Besides reading the conventional AUG codon, mitochondrial (mt‐)tRNAM et mediates incorporation of methionine on AUA and AUU codons during translation initiation and on AUA codons during elongation. We show that the RNA methyltransferase NSUN3 localises to mitochondria and interacts with mt‐tRNAM et to methylate cytosine 34 (C34) at the wobble position. NSUN3 specifically recognises the anticodon stem loop (ASL) of the tRNA, explaining why a mutation that compromises ASL basepairing leads to disease. We further identify ALKBH1/ABH1 as the dioxygenase responsible for oxidising m5C34 of mt‐tRNAM et to generate an f5C34 modification. In vitro codon recognition studies with mitochondrial translation factors reveal preferential utilisation of m5C34 mt‐tRNA Met in initiation. Depletion of either NSUN3 or ABH1 strongly affects mitochondrial translation in human cells, implying that modifications generated by both enzymes are necessary for mt‐tRNAM et function. Together, our data reveal how modifications in mt‐tRNAM et are generated by the sequential action of NSUN3 and ABH1, allowing the single mitochondrial tRNAM et to recognise the different codons encoding methionine.
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