Differences in female reproductive success between female and hermaphrodite individuals in the subdioecious shrub Eurya japonica (Theaceae).
Differences in female reproductive success between female and hermaphrodite individuals in the subdioecious shrub Eurya japonica (Theaceae).
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亚雌雄异株灌木柃木（山茶科）雌性和雌雄同体个体之间雌性生殖成功率的差异。
DOI：
10.1111/plb.12189
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
M. Nakagawa.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Wang;M. Matsushita;N. Tomaru;M. Nakagawa.
亚雌雄异体被认为在雌雄异体-雌雄异体途径中占据过渡位置，解释了从雌雄同体到雌雄同体的进化路线之一。量化雌性与雌雄同体的任何雌性生殖优势对于检查亚雌雄异株和雌雄同体之间的谱系至关重要。然而，这是具有挑战性的，因为多种相互作用的因素，例如花粉限制和资源可用性，会影响植物繁殖。我们通过田间实验比较了雌性和雌雄同体的雌性生殖成功率，在该实验中，我们对生长在相似光照条件下的大小相似的亚雌雄异株灌木Eurya japonica的个体进行了手工授粉。通过比较手工授粉和自然授粉处理的结果以及进行额外的实验室和温室实验，还评估了花粉限制和种子质量的影响。总体而言，与雌雄同体相比，雌性具有更高的坐果率，产生更重的果实和更多的种子，并且这些结果在手工授粉的两性植物中比在自然授粉的植物中更为明显。我们还发现，雌性自然产生的种子具有更高的平均发芽率。这些结果表明，在没有花粉限制的条件下，雌性在雌性生殖成功方面具有明显的优势。花粉限制程度的性别差异表明传粉媒介介导的相互作用，而即使在自然条件下，雌性的雌性生殖成功率也较高，这意味着日本粳稻是阐明雌雄异株-雌雄异株途径后期的良好模型物种。
Subdioecy is thought to occupy a transitional position in the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway, explaining one of the evolutionary routes from hermaphroditism to dioecy. Quantifying any female reproductive advantage of femalesversushermaphrodites is fundamental to examining the spectrum between subdioecy and dioecy; however, this is challenging, as multiple interacting factors, such as pollen limitation and resource availability, affect plant reproduction. We compared the female reproductive success of females and hermaphroditesviaa field experiment in which we hand‐pollinated individuals of the subdioecious shrubEurya japonicaof similar size growing under similar light conditions. Effects of pollen limitation and seed quality were also evaluated through comparing the results of hand‐ and natural‐pollination treatments and performing additional laboratory and greenhouse experiments. Overall, females had higher fruit set and produced heavier fruit and more seeds than hermaphrodites, and these results were more pronounced for hand‐pollinated than for natural‐pollinated plants of both sexes. We also found that seeds naturally produced by females had a higher mean germination rate. These results indicate that females had a pronounced advantage in female reproductive success under conditions of no pollen limitation. The sexual difference in the degree of pollen limitation suggests a pollinator‐mediated interaction, whereas the higher female reproductive success of females even under natural conditions implies thatE.japonicais a good model species for elucidating the later stages of the gynodioecy–dioecy pathway.
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