Adipose triglyceride lipase regulates basal lipolysis and lipid droplet size in adipocytes.

Adipose triglyceride lipase regulates basal lipolysis and lipid droplet size in adipocytes.
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DOI:
10.1002/jcb.21964
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发表时间:
2008-12-15
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Greenberg, Andrew S.
Greenberg, Andrew S.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miyoshi, Hideaki;Perfield, James W., II;Obin, Martin S.;Greenberg, Andrew S.

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在脂肪细胞中,脂滴(LD)大小反映了甘油三酯合成(脂肪生成)和水解(脂解)的平衡。Perilipin A(Peri A)是脂肪细胞LDs表面最丰富的磷蛋白,并且在脂质储存和脂解中具有关键作用。脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶(ATGL)和脂肪敏感脂肪酶(HSL)是脂肪细胞脂解的主要限速酶。这些蛋白质(Peri A、ATGL和HSL)中的每一种都已被证明调节脂肪细胞中的脂质储存和释放。然而,在PKA刺激(基础状态)的情况下,脂肪酶(ATGL和HSL)主要位于细胞质中,它们对脂解基础速率的贡献和对LD大小的影响知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们利用腺病毒系统敲低或过表达ATGL和HSL的脂肪细胞在存在或不存在的Peri A的工程模型系统。我们能够在我们的实验模型系统中证明,在基础状态下,LD大小、甘油三酯储存和脂肪酸释放主要受ATGL表达的影响。这些结果首次证明了ATGL、HSL和Peri A在不存在PKA刺激的情况下对LD大小测定的相对贡献。
In adipocytes, lipid droplet (LD) size reflects a balance of triglyceride synthesis (lipogenesis) and hydrolysis (lipolysis). Perilipin A (Peri A), is the most abundant phosphoprotein on the surface of adipocyte LDs and has a crucial role in lipid storage and lipolysis. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) are the major rate-determining enzymes for lipolysis in adipocytes. Each of these proteins (Peri A, ATGL and HSL) have been demonstrated to regulate lipid storage and release in the adipocyte. However, in the absence of PKA stimulation (basal state), the lipases (ATGL and HSL) are located mainly in the cytoplasm, and their contribution to basal rates of lipolysis and influence on LD size are poorly understood. In this study, we utilize an adenoviral system to knockdown or overexpress ATGL and HSL in an engineered model system of adipocytes in the presence or absence of Peri A. We are able to demonstrate in our experimental model system, that in the basal state, LD size, triglyceride storage, and fatty acid release are mainly influenced by expression of ATGL. These results demonstrate for the first time the relative contributions of ATGL, HSL, and Peri A on determination of LD size in the absence of PKA-stimulation.
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