Predictability of passive scalar dispersion in atmospheric surface layers with urban‐like roughness: A large‐eddy simulations study

Predictability of passive scalar dispersion in atmospheric surface layers with urban‐like roughness: A large‐eddy simulations study
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具有城市粗糙度的大气表层被动标量色散的可预测性:大型涡流模拟研究

DOI:
10.1002/qj.4445
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
8.9
通讯作者:
Li, Qi
Li, Qi
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lu, Yanle;Monache, Luca Delle;Weil, Jeffrey;Ngan, Keith;Li, Qi

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被动标量扩散的可预报性对于高分辨率数值天气预报和空气质量模拟具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。然而,对城市地区的数值模拟的影响仍然相对未被探索。利用障碍分辨大涡模拟(LES),在有无速度扰动的情况下,我们进行了两个实验,研究了城市粗糙度的存在如何影响流向速度(U)和被动标量(θ)场中的误差增长,以及u场和θ场中误差演化的差异。使用信噪比(SNR)作为指示误差何时达到饱和的连续度量来表征可预测性界限。与没有城市粗糙度的情况相比,城市粗糙度的存在使被动标量的TP$${T}_{\mathm{p}}$$降低了约20%。θ的误差统计表明,城市粗糙度引起的气流结构和不同的标量源位置影响标量频散和相对起伏,从而决定了信噪比的演变。对被动标量误差能量(ϵθ2)收支的分析表明,速度和速度误差对平流输送的贡献占主导地位。在平壁情况下,Bothour和θ的误差能谱表现出−5/3的斜率,但在城市粗糙度存在时则不是,从而突出了对局部各向同性湍流假设的偏离。研究表明,城市粗糙度会降低被动标量的可预测性,破坏速度误差统计量与被动标量之间的相似性。
The predictability of passive scalar dispersion is of both theoretical interest and practical importance, for example for high‐resolution numerical weather prediction and air quality modeling. However, the implications for the numerical modeling of urban areas remain relatively unexplored. Using obstacle‐resolving large‐eddy simulations (LES), we conducted twin experiments, with and without a velocity perturbation, to investigate how the presence of urban roughness affects error growth in streamwise velocity (u) and passive scalar (θ) fields, as well as the differences between error evolutions inuandθfields. The predictability limit is characterized using the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) as a continuous metric to indicate when error reaches saturation. The presence of urban roughness decreases Tp$$ {T}_{\mathrm{p}} $$ of the passive scalar by around 20% compared to cases without them. The error statistics ofθindicate that urban roughness‐induced flow structures and different scalar source locations affect the scalar dispersion and relative fluctuations, which subsequently dictate the evolution of the SNR. Analysis of the passive scalar error energy (ϵθ2) budget indicates that the contributions from advective transport by the velocity and velocity error dominate. The error energy spectra of bothuandθexhibit a −5/3 slope in flat‐wall cases, but not in the presence of urban roughness, thereby highlighting the deviation from the assumption of locally isotropic turbulence. This study reveals that urban roughness can decrease the predictability of the passive scalar and destroy the similarity between the error statistics of the velocity and the passive scalar.
景观诱发大气流可预测性的进一步研究。
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