On PetroCaribe: Petropolitics, energopower, and post-neoliberal development in the Caribbean energy region

On PetroCaribe: Petropolitics, energopower, and post-neoliberal development in the Caribbean energy region
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关于 PetroCaribe:加勒比能源地区的石油政治、能源力量和后新自由主义发展

DOI:
10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.04.006
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Cederlöf G
Cederlöf G
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cederlöf G

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这篇文章探讨了加勒比石油公司,一个由委内瑞拉和古巴牵头的区域石油贸易集团。加勒比石油组织一直试图在加勒比地区建立一个反帝国主义的能源区,促进后新自由主义的发展。我们认为,两种互补的权力模式petropolitics和energopower,通过加勒比石油公司作为一个领土基础设施的能源区域。石油政治学将加勒比石油组织视为围绕石油供应进行地缘政治操纵的手段,增强委内瑞拉的区域影响力,同时增强加勒比岛国与石油出口国之间的力量。Energopower将能源定义为一种关系,而不是一种地缘战略商品,它将地方联系在一起,塑造政治可能性,身份和社会关系。作为一种能源权力的行使,加勒比石油组织一直受到后新自由主义发展和反帝国主义愿景的激励,寻求在新自由主义石油政治范式内重新配置历史上根深蒂固的权力关系。在这些方面,这篇文章追溯了委内瑞拉与石油的长期和矛盾的关系,古巴为社会主义革命获得石油的努力,以及大加勒比地区作为能源地区的发展。报告审查了加勒比石油组织如何通过石油和医疗基础设施运作。即使加勒比石油组织和委内瑞拉的玻利瓦尔革命正在衰落,贸易集团也促使我们将能源和石油概念化为产生主题和空间的东西。
This article examines PetroCaribe; a regional oil trading bloc spearheaded by Venezuela and Cuba. PetroCaribe has been an attempt at establishing an anti-imperial energy region in the Caribbean, enabling post-neoliberal development. We argue that two complementary modalities of power—petropolitics and energopower—have operated through PetroCaribe as a territorial-infrastructural energy region. Petropolitics frames PetroCaribe as a means for geopolitical manoeuvring around the supply of oil, enhancing the regional influence of Venezuela while empowering the Caribbean island-nations vis-à-vis oil exporting states. Energopower defines energy not as a geostrategic commodity but as a relation that binds places together, shaping political possibility, identity, and social relations. As an exercise of energopower, PetroCaribe has been motivated by visions of post-neoliberal development and anti-imperialism, seeking to reconfigure historically-entrenched power relations within the neoliberal petropolitical paradigm. In these terms, the article traces Venezuela's long and ambivalent relationship with oil, Cuba's efforts to secure oil for its socialist revolution, and the development of the Greater Caribbean as an energy region. It examines how PetroCaribe has been operationalized through oil and medical infrastructure. Even as PetroCaribe and Venezuela's Bolivarian Revolution are in decline, the trade bloc prompts us to conceptualize energy and oil as generative of subjects and space.
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