Probing cortical function with electrical stimulation
Probing cortical function with electrical stimulation
复制标题
通过电刺激探测皮质功能
DOI：
10.1038/nn1002-921
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Tirin Moore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Graziano;Charlotte S. R. Taylor;Tirin Moore
致编辑：在最近的《新闻与观点》1中，彼得·斯特里克评论了我们最近的发现，即运动皮层的微刺激会唤起复杂的、协调的行为2。他提出的一个主要问题是，“人们可能会问，对大脑皮层的电刺激是否能够揭示其功能。”我们同意，对于所有的实验方法，人们都应该问这样的问题。然而，最近的大量工作成功地探测皮质功能，使用电刺激。例如，刺激猴子视觉区MT会影响猴子对视觉刺激运动方向的感知决定3。刺激初级躯体感觉皮层会影响猴子对触觉刺激的感知决定4，刺激额叶眼区会影响猴子的目标选择5。许多研究人员已经使用电刺激来研究眼睛和头部运动的功能图6 -8。我们采用了与行为相关的时间尺度上的既定刺激协议，并将其应用于运动皮层。我们使用的刺激持续时间在这些先前研究的范围内，并且电流强度在眼科研究中使用的范围内。和以前的研究一样，我们诱发了有意义的行为。斯特里克指出，大多数对运动皮层的研究使用的刺激序列和电流都比我们短。早期的微刺激研究寻找运动网络的一部分。这种中间神经元的募集大概发生在我们每次做运动时;这是运动功能的一部分。最后，刺激运动皮层正下方的白色物质（它连接运动皮层和运动网络的其他部分），产生我们在刺激皮层上观察到的一些成分，这并不奇怪。重要的是要强调，不可能在孤立于网络其余部分的情况下研究网络的一小部分（例如电极尖端周围的大量皮质）的功能。
TO THE EDITOR—In a recent News and Views1, Peter Strick comments on our recent finding that microstimulation of motor cortex evokes complex, coordinated behavior2. A major concern he raises is that “one might ask whether electrical stimulation of the cortex is capable of revealing its function.” We agree that one should always ask such questions about all experimental methods. However, a large body of recent work successfully probes cortical function using electrical stimulation. For example, stimulation of monkey visual area MT influences the monkey’s perceptual decisions about the direction of motion of visual stimuli3. Stimulating primary somatosensory cortex influences the monkey’s perceptual decisions about tactile stimuli4, and stimulating the frontal eye fields influences the monkey’s target selection5. Many researchers have used electrical stimulation to study functional maps of eye and head movement6–8. We took the well-established protocol of stimulating on a behaviorally relevant time scale and applied it to motor cortex. The stimulation durations that we used are within the range of these previous studies, and the current intensities are within the range used in the oculomotor studies. As in previous studies, we evoked meaningful behaviors. Strick points out that most studies of motor cortex use shorter stimulation trains and lower currents than we did. Early microstimulation studies9 sought a parts of the motor network. This recruitment of interneurons presumably occurs every time we make a movement; it is part of motor function. Finally, it is not surprising that stimulation of the white matter directly below motor cortex, which connects motor cortex to the rest of the motor network, produces some of the components that we observed on stimulating cortex. It is important to stress the impossibility of studying the function of one small piece of a network, such as a volume of cortex around the tip of the electrode, in isolation of the rest of the network.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BRUCE, CJ;GOLDBERG, ME;STANTON, GB
通讯作者：
STANTON, GB