Origins of Coupled Model Biases in the Arabian Sea Climatological State

Origins of Coupled Model Biases in the Arabian Sea Climatological State
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阿拉伯海气候状态耦合模型偏差的起源

DOI:
10.1175/jcli-d-17-0417.1
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Julian P. McCreary and H. Annamalai
Julian P. McCreary and H. Annamalai
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Motoki Nagura;Julian P. McCreary and H. Annamalai

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本文研究了31个海洋-大气耦合模式对北阿拉伯海(NAS)气候平均状态的偏差。重点是了解其中许多地区在20°C等温线深度出现较大偏差的原因。其他突出的偏差是波斯湾海水的深度和温度(PGW)以及北部边界冬季混合层厚度(MLT)。对于缺少波斯湾的模式(第1组),是由阿拉伯海高盐度水团(ASHSW)太深形成的冬季MLT偏置决定的。对于有波斯湾的模式(第2组),如果有b> MLT(第2B组),PGW大部分仍然被困在西部边界,并再次直接控制。如果MLT (2A组),PGW扩散到NAS并受到影响,因为bbb20°C;然而,仍然通过其对…的影响间接地影响。厚厚的冬季混合层主要是由秋季的地表冷却驱动的。尽管如此,ΔMLT模型之间的变化与混合层底部的密度分层(跳跃)中的偏差联系更紧密,而不是偏差。反过来,这种跃变主要是由西印度海岸流平流到南太平洋的海面盐度偏差(ΔSSS)决定的,而ΔSSS的来源是与模式的弱夏季风相关的降雨不足。最终,ΔD20与赤字有关。
This study investigates biases of the climatological mean state of the northern Arabian Sea (NAS) in 31 coupled ocean–atmosphere models. The focus is to understand the cause of the large biases in the depth of the 20°C isotherm that occur in many of them. Other prominent biases are the depth and temperature of Persian Gulf water (PGW) and the wintertime mixed-layer thickness (MLT) along the northern boundary.For models that lack a Persian Gulf (group 1), is determined by the wintertime MLT bias through the formation of an Arabian Sea high-salinity water mass (ASHSW) that is too deep. For models with a Persian Gulf (group 2), if > MLT (group 2B), PGW remains mostly trapped to the western boundary and, again, directly controls . If MLT (group 2A), PGW spreads into the NAS and impacts because > 20°C; nevertheless still influencesindirectlythrough its impact on .The thick wintertime mixed layer is driven primarily by surface cooling during the fall. Nevertheless, variations in ΔMLT among the models are more strongly linked to biases in the density stratification (jump) across the bottom of the mixed layer than to biases. The jump is in turn determined primarily by sea surface salinity biases (ΔSSS) advected into the NAS by the West India Coastal Current, and the source of ΔSSS is the rainfall deficit associated with the models’ weak summer monsoon. Ultimately, then, ΔD20 is linked to this deficit.
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