The Sts Proteins: Modulators of Host Immunity.
The Sts Proteins: Modulators of Host Immunity.
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STS蛋白质：宿主免疫的调节剂。
DOI：
10.3390/ijms24108834
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发表时间：
2023-05-16
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
TCR信号转导抑制蛋白（Sts）Sts-1和Sts-2是一对密切相关的信号分子，由于进化上保守的C-末端磷酸酶结构域而属于组氨酸磷酸酶（HP）家族。HP的名称来源于对催化活性很重要的保守组氨酸，目前的证据表明Sts HP结构域起着关键的功能作用。Sts-1 HP已被证明具有易于测量的蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶活性，可调节许多重要的酪氨酸激酶介导的信号通路。Sts-2 HP的体外催化活性显著低于Sts-1HP，并且其信号传导作用较少被表征。高度保守的独特结构的Sts蛋白，其中额外的结构域，包括一个表现出一种新的磷酸二酯酶活性，并置在一起的磷酸酶结构域，表明Sts-1和-2占据了一个专门的细胞内信号小生境。迄今为止，Sts功能的分析主要集中在Sts-1和Sts-2在调节宿主免疫和与造血来源细胞相关的其他应答中的作用。这包括它们在T细胞、血小板、肥大细胞和其他细胞类型中的负调节作用，以及它们在调节宿主对微生物感染的反应中的不太明确的作用。关于后者，使用缺乏Sts表达的小鼠模型已被用于证明Sts非冗余地有助于调节宿主对真菌病原体的免疫（C.白色念珠菌）和革兰氏阴性细菌病原体（F. tularensis）。特别是，Sts-/-动物表现出对两种病原体的致死性感染的显著抗性，这种表型与来自突变小鼠的吞噬细胞的一些增强的抗微生物应答相关。总的来说，过去几年我们对Sts生物学的理解取得了稳步进展。
The suppressor of TCR signaling (Sts) proteins, Sts-1 and Sts-2, are a pair of closely related signaling molecules that belong to the histidine phosphatase (HP) family of enzymes by virtue of an evolutionarily conserved C-terminal phosphatase domain. HPs derive their name from a conserved histidine that is important for catalytic activity and the current evidence indicates that the Sts HP domain plays a critical functional role. Sts-1HP has been shown to possess a readily measurable protein tyrosine phosphatase activity that regulates a number of important tyrosine-kinase-mediated signaling pathways. The in vitro catalytic activity of Sts-2HP is significantly lower than that of Sts-1HP, and its signaling role is less characterized. The highly conserved unique structure of the Sts proteins, in which additional domains, including one that exhibits a novel phosphodiesterase activity, are juxtaposed together with the phosphatase domain, suggesting that Sts-1 and -2 occupy a specialized intracellular signaling niche. To date, the analysis of Sts function has centered predominately around the role of Sts-1 and -2 in regulating host immunity and other responses associated with cells of hematopoietic origin. This includes their negative regulatory role in T cells, platelets, mast cells and other cell types, as well as their less defined roles in regulating host responses to microbial infection. Regarding the latter, the use of a mouse model lacking Sts expression has been used to demonstrate that Sts contributes non-redundantly to the regulation of host immunity toward a fungal pathogen (C. albicans) and a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen (F. tularensis). In particular, Sts-/- animals demonstrate significant resistance to lethal infections of both pathogens, a phenotype that is correlated with some heightened anti-microbial responses of phagocytes derived from mutant mice. Altogether, the past several years have seen steady progress in our understanding of Sts biology.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Chen, Mark J.;Dixon, Jack E.;Manning, Gerard
通讯作者：
Manning, Gerard
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Ge, Yan;Paisie, Taylor K.;Concannon, Patrick
通讯作者：
Concannon, Patrick
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Su, Xiao-Dong
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20151426
发表时间：
2016-03-07
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hu H;Wang H;Xiao Y;Jin J;Chang JH;Zou Q;Xie X;Cheng X;Sun SC
通讯作者：
Sun SC
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Jumper J;Evans R;Pritzel A;Green T;Figurnov M;Ronneberger O;Tunyasuvunakool K;Bates R;Žídek A;Potapenko A;Bridgland A;Meyer C;Kohl SAA;Ballard AJ;Cowie A;Romera-Paredes B;Nikolov S;Jain R;Adler J;Back T;Petersen S;Reiman D;Clancy E;Zielinski M;Steinegger M;Pacholska M;Berghammer T;Bodenstein S;Silver D;Vinyals O;Senior AW;Kavukcuoglu K;Kohli P;Hassabis D
通讯作者：
Hassabis D