MAD1: Kinetochore Receptors and Catalytic Mechanisms.

MAD1: Kinetochore Receptors and Catalytic Mechanisms.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2018.00051
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Liu ST
Liu ST
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luo Y;Ahmad E;Liu ST

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有丝分裂检查点监测着丝粒-微管附着,延迟后期开始,并在细胞中存在未附着或无张力的着丝粒时防止非整倍体。有丝分裂阻滞缺陷1(MAD 1)是进化上保守的核心有丝分裂检查点蛋白之一。MAD 1通过其中间区域的MAD 2相互作用基序(MIM)与MAD 2形成细胞周期非依赖性复合物。这样的复合物在未连接的动粒处富集,并作为一种不寻常的催化剂来促进其他MAD 2分子的构象变化,构成有丝分裂检查点的关键信号放大机制。只有处于其活性构象的MAD 2可以与BUBR 1和CDC 20组装以形成有丝分裂检查点复合物(MCC),其是后期开始的有效抑制剂。最近的研究揭示了MAD 1是如何被招募到独立的着丝粒中的,以及它是如何进行催化活性的。在这里,我们回顾这些进展,并讨论其对未来研究的影响。
The mitotic checkpoint monitors kinetochore-microtubule attachment, delays anaphase onset and prevents aneuploidy when unattached or tensionless kinetochores are present in cells. Mitotic arrest deficiency 1 (MAD1) is one of the evolutionarily conserved core mitotic checkpoint proteins. MAD1 forms a cell cycle independent complex with MAD2 through its MAD2 interaction motif (MIM) in the middle region. Such a complex is enriched at unattached kinetochores and functions as an unusual catalyst to promote conformational change of additional MAD2 molecules, constituting a crucial signal amplifying mechanism for the mitotic checkpoint. Only MAD2 in its active conformation can be assembled with BUBR1 and CDC20 to form the Mitotic Checkpoint Complex (MCC), which is a potent inhibitor of anaphase onset. Recent research has shed light on how MAD1 is recruited to unattached kinetochores, and how it carries out its catalytic activity. Here we review these advances and discuss their implications for future research.
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