On Transient Semi‐Arid Ecosystem Dynamics Using Landlab: Vegetation Shifts, Topographic Refugia, and Response to Climate
On Transient Semi‐Arid Ecosystem Dynamics Using Landlab: Vegetation Shifts, Topographic Refugia, and Response to Climate
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利用 Landlab 研究瞬态半干旱生态系统动态：植被变化、地形保护区和对气候的响应
DOI：
10.1029/2021wr031179
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Adams, Jordan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nudurupati, Sai S.;Istanbulluoglu, Erkan;Tucker, Gregory E.;Gasparini, Nicole M.;Hobley, Daniel E.;Hutton, Eric W.;Barnhart, Katherine R.;Adams, Jordan M.
预测干旱和半干旱生态系统如何对全球变化做出反应，需要将一系列广泛的分析和数值模型整合起来，以解决复杂生态系统的不同方面。我们使用Landlab地表建模工具包（Hobley et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-21-2017）将几个生态水文和植被动态过程耦合起来，研究外源驱动因素（气候、地形、火灾和放牧）和内源草火反馈机制的控制。在美国新墨西哥州中部，利用地形控制生态系统和历史木本植物入侵（WPE）叙事来构建模拟。模拟的生态系统对地形上气候湿度（即高降水，低潜在蒸散）的响应遵循Boyko的“地理生态分布规律”。在其生态气候范围的干燥端，灌木占据较冷的面向极的斜坡（平均年降水量，MAP≤200 mm），并随着区域湿度的增加向较温暖的面向赤道的斜坡转移（MAP > 250 mm）。当海拔高度超过200 mm时，树木开始占据面向极点的斜坡，并逐渐向山谷移动。在景观尺度上，极向坡通过在干旱时期容纳残存种群而增加了物种多样性。自19世纪中期以来在该地区观测到的WPE被预测为一个三相现象。第二阶段，快速扩张，需要通过放牧牲畜或灭火来消除草-火的正反馈。从草地到灌丛的转变以草盖度保持在40%以下、灌木盖度增加到10%-20%范围、草连通性Cg保持在0.15以下为临界阈值。当放牧压力未在灌木覆盖达到60%之前消除时，预计将发生向灌木地的关键过渡。
Projecting how arid and semi‐arid ecosystems respond to global change requires the integration of a wide array of analytical and numerical models to address different aspects of complex ecosystems. We used the Landlab earth surface modeling toolkit (Hobley et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-21-2017) to couple several ecohydrologic and vegetation dynamics processes to investigate the controls of exogenous drivers (climate, topography, fires, and grazing) and endogenous grass‐fire feedback mechanisms. Aspect‐controlled ecosystems and historical woody plant encroachment (WPE) narratives in central New Mexico, USA are used to construct simulations. Modeled ecosystem response to climatic wetness (i.e., higher precipitation, lower potential evapotranspiration) on topography follows the Boyko's “geo‐ecological law of distribution.” Shrubs occupy cooler pole‐facing slopes in the dry end of their ecoclimatic range (Mean Annual Precipitation, MAP ≤ 200 mm), and shift toward warmer equator‐facing slopes as regional moisture increases (MAP > 250 mm). Trees begin to occupy pole‐facing slopes when MAP > 200 mm, and gradually move to valleys. Pole‐facing slopes increase species diversity at the landscape scale by hosting relict populations during dry periods. WPE observed in the region since the middle 1800s is predicted as a three‐phase phenomenon. Phase II, rapid expansion, requires the removal of the positive grass‐fire feedback by livestock grazing or fire suppression. Regime shifts from grassland to shrubland are marked by critical thresholds that involve grass cover remaining below 40%, shrub cover increasing to 10%–20% range, and the grass connectivity, Cg, remaining below 0.15. A critical transition to shrubland is predicted when grazing pressure is not removed before shrub cover attains 60%.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
D. Dunkerley
通讯作者：
D. Dunkerley
DOI：
10.18352/ijc.698
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
The International Journal of the Commons
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
O. Yetemen;E. Istanbulluoglu;A. Duvall
通讯作者：
A. Duvall
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
D. Gesch;Michael J. Oimoen;Susan Greenlee;C. A. Nelson;M. J. Steuck;Dean J. Tyler
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D. Gesch;Michael J. Oimoen;Susan Greenlee;C. A. Nelson;M. J. Steuck;Dean J. Tyler
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Ackerly, David D.;Kling, Matthew M.;Flint, Lorraine E.
通讯作者：
Flint, Lorraine E.