Bootstrap inference for multiple imputation under uncongeniality and misspecification.

Bootstrap inference for multiple imputation under uncongeniality and misspecification.
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DOI:
10.1177/0962280220932189
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发表时间:
2020-12
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Hughes RA
Hughes RA
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bartlett JW;Hughes RA

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多重插补已成为统计分析中处理缺失数据最流行的方法之一。这一成功的部分原因在于鲁宾简单的组合规则。当插补和分析程序所谓的一致并且正确指定嵌入模型时,这些可以给出频率论的有效推论,但否则可能不会。粗略地说,一致性对应于插补模型和分析模型是否对数据做出不同的假设。在实践中,插补模型和分析程序往往不一致,导致检验的规模可能不正确,置信区间覆盖范围也偏离宣传的水平。我们研究了一些最近的提案,这些提案将引导法与多重插补相结合,并确定哪些提案在不一致和模型指定错误的情况下是有效的。在不相容或错误指定的情况下,插补后引导通常不会产生有效的方差估计,而某些引导后引导插补方法却可以。我们推荐一种计算高效的自举变体,然后进行插补。
Multiple imputation has become one of the most popular approaches for handling missing data in statistical analyses. Part of this success is due to Rubin’s simple combination rules. These give frequentist valid inferences when the imputation and analysis procedures are so-called congenial and the embedding model is correctly specified, but otherwise may not. Roughly speaking, congeniality corresponds to whether the imputation and analysis models make different assumptions about the data. In practice, imputation models and analysis procedures are often not congenial, such that tests may not have the correct size, and confidence interval coverage deviates from the advertised level. We examine a number of recent proposals which combine bootstrapping with multiple imputation and determine which are valid under uncongeniality and model misspecification. Imputation followed by bootstrapping generally does not result in valid variance estimates under uncongeniality or misspecification, whereas certain bootstrap followed by imputation methods do. We recommend a particular computationally efficient variant of bootstrapping followed by imputation.
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