The enduring utility of continuous culturing in experimental evolution.
The enduring utility of continuous culturing in experimental evolution.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.09.015
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dunham MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gresham D;Dunham MJ
在实验室中研究进化提供了一种在精确控制和易于复制的条件下理解适应性进化的过程，动力学和结果的手段。实验进化的优势最大化时，选择是明确的，这使得基因型，表型和健身连接。维持确定的选择的一种方法是连续培养：恒化器使适应性进化的研究在营养有限的环境中，其中生长是次最大的，而细胞在turbidostats进化的营养丰富，允许最大的增长。虽然连续培养所需的实验努力相对于连续分批培养的实验简单性是相当大的，但它们产生的环境相反：连续培养导致简化和恒定的条件，而连续分批培养是复杂和动态的。连续培养所特有的选择性环境的相对简单性为解决适应性进化中的关键问题提供了理想的实验系统。
Studying evolution in the laboratory provides a means of understanding the processes, dynamics and outcomes of adaptive evolution in precisely controlled and readily replicated conditions. The advantages of experimental evolution are maximized when selection is well defined, which enables linking genotype, phenotype and fitness. One means of maintaining a defined selection is continuous culturing: chemostats enable the study of adaptive evolution in nutrient-limited environments in which growth is sub-maximal, whereas cells in turbidostats evolve in nutrient abundance that allows maximal growth. Although the experimental effort required for continuous culturing is considerable relative to the experimental simplicity of serial batch culture, the opposite is true of the environments they produce: continuous culturing results in simplified and constant conditions whereas serial batch cultures are complex and dynamic. The comparative simplicity of the selective environment that is unique to continuous culturing provides an ideal experimental system for addressing key questions in adaptive evolution.
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