Growth and mortality of planted interior Douglas-fir and western larch seedlings during the establishment phase in Idaho, USA
Growth and mortality of planted interior Douglas-fir and western larch seedlings during the establishment phase in Idaho, USA
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美国爱达荷州室内种植的花旗松和西部落叶松幼苗在建立阶段的生长和死亡率
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118386
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nelson, Andrew S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Cen;Nelson, Andrew S.
为重新造林而植树造林对于建立森林以供未来木材生产和加强碳固存越来越重要。种植还需要大量投资，以确保成功的幼苗建立。然而，最初的幼苗生长和存活是森林生长和产量模型中常见的缺失环节，因为它们主要是为了预测通常在树冠关闭后建立的树木。众多的生物和非生物因素，影响生长和死亡率的种植幼苗在建立阶段的研究较少。这可能是由于这类分析的高度可变性和复杂性，以及普遍缺乏可用数据。本研究利用13，701株幼苗在种植后立即开始的年度测量来评估种植的室内花旗松（Pseudotsuga menziesiiivar.glauca[Mirb.] Franco）和西部落叶松（Larix oceanentalisNutt.）在前两年，在北方爱达荷州和俄勒冈州东部的多个对比地点的幼苗。结果表明，幼苗的生长和死亡率受其初始直径和高度的强烈影响，幼苗越细、越高，死亡率越高，而直径和高度生长分别与初始直径和高度呈正相关。气候条件，特别是温度和降水量的测量，对幼苗生长和死亡率也有同样重要的作用。根生长潜力和竞争植被的影响一般是微不足道的种植前化学制剂适用于所有网站。改进西部落叶松种子园幼苗有较高的增长率与野生收集的来源相比，死亡率略有增加，但改进道格拉斯冷杉增长和死亡率高得多的收益最小。所开发的幼苗模型很容易适应当前的单株树生长和产量模型的架构，这扩展了这些模型在建立期间和之后预测幼苗的能力。确定的影响因素和幼苗生长和死亡率在建立阶段的具体差异提供了重要的信息和指导，越来越重要的造林实践种植，并在此分析中提出的整体分析框架一般适用于超越道格拉斯冷杉和西部落叶松的物种。
Planting for reforestation is increasingly important for the establishment of forests for future timber production and enhanced carbon sequestration. Planting also requires significant investment to ensure successful seedling establishment. However, initial seedling growth and survival is a common missing link in forest growth and yield models as they are predominantly designed to project established trees often post canopy closure. The multitude of both biotic and abiotic factors that influence growth and mortality of planted seedlings during the establishment phase is less examined. This is likely due to the high variability and complexity of this type of analysis, as well as the general lack of available data. The current study utilized annual measurements of 13,701 seedlings beginning immediately after planting to evaluate growth and mortality of planted interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesiivar.glauca[Mirb.] Franco) and western larch (Larix occidentalisNutt.) seedlings across multiple contrasting sites in northern Idaho and eastern Oregon for the first two years. Our results indicate that growth and mortality of seedlings were strongly influenced by their initial diameter and height such that slimmer and taller seedlings had higher mortality, while diameter and height growth was positively related to initial diameter and height, respectively. Weather conditions, especially measures of temperature and precipitation, had a similarly important role on seedling growth and mortality. The effects of root growth potential and competing vegetation were generally insignificant as pre-planting chemical preparation was applied to all sites. Improved western larch seedlings from seed orchards had higher growth rates with small increases in mortality compared to wild collected sources, but improved Douglas-fir had minimal gains in growth and much higher mortality. The developed seedling models readily fit into the architecture of current individual tree growth and yield models, which extend these models' ability to forecast seedlings during and after establishment. The identified influential factors and specific differences in seedling growth and mortality during the establishment phase provide critical information and guidance to the increasingly important reforestation practice of planting, and the overall analytical framework presented in this analysis is generally applicable to species beyond Douglas-fir and western larch.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
J. Miina;K. Eerikäinen;H. Hasenauer
通讯作者：
H. Hasenauer