Mechanism and Dynamics of Intramolecular C-H Insertion Reactions of 1-Aza-2-azoniaallene Salts.
Mechanism and Dynamics of Intramolecular C-H Insertion Reactions of 1-Aza-2-azoniaallene Salts.
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DOI:
10.1021/jacs.5b04474
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发表时间:
2015-07-22
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Brewer M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hong X;Bercovici DA;Yang Z;Al-Bataineh N;Srinivasan R;Dhakal RC;Houk KN;Brewer M
The 1-aza-2-azoniaallene salts, generated from α-chloroazo compounds by treatment with halophilic Lewis acids, undergo intramolecular C−H amination reactions to form pyrazolines in good to excellent yields. This intramolecular amination occurs readily at both benzylic and tertiary aliphatic positions and proceeds at an enantioenriched chiral center with retention of stereochemistry. Competition experiments show that insertion occurs more readily at an electron-rich benzylic position than an electron-deficient one. The C-H amination reaction only occurs with certain tethers connecting the heteroallene cation and the pendant aryl groups. With a longer tether or when the reaction is intermolecular, electrophilic aromatic substitution occurs instead of C-H amination. The mechanism and origins of stereospecificity and chemoselectivity were explored with density functional theory (B3LYP and M06-2X). The 1-aza-2-azoniaallene cation undergoes C-H amination through a hydride transfer transition state to form the N-H bond, and the subsequent C-N bond formation occurs spontaneously to generate the heterocyclic product. This concerted two-stage mechanism was shown by IRC and quasiclassical molecular dynamics trajectory studies.
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影响因子:
15
作者:
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通讯作者:
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