Missing data in bioarchaeology I: A review of the literature
Missing data in bioarchaeology I: A review of the literature
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24609
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发表时间：
2022-08-23
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buikstra, Jane E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wissler, Amanda;Blevins, Kelly E.;Buikstra, Jane E.
缺失数据是生物考古学研究中常见且不可避免的挑战，但研究人员很少对缺失数据给他们的研究带来的偏见和推理局限性做出明确的陈述。没有关于处理或报告缺失数据的最佳实践指南。作为盘点和探索生物考古学中缺失数据的方法的第一步，本研究回顾了生物考古学出版物，以确定目前用于解决这一重大问题的方法。对来自四大人类学期刊的 950 多篇生物考古学文章（2011-2020 年）进行了调查，搜索术语“缺失”、“缺席”、“未观察”、“替换”和“估算”。如此确定的 267 篇文章被分为九个生物考古子主题之一，并根据处理缺失数据的六种主要方法进行评分。结果表明，生物考古学家以多种方式处理缺失的数据。反体替换、列表删除和成对删除等方法被广泛使用。主题子主题支持处理缺失值的不同技术。分类为考古学、病理学和创伤学的生物考古文章使用基本的缺失数据方法，而生物距离和形态学等文章则更经常使用先进的统计方法。尽管缺失数据无处不在，但对它们如何引入偏见的考虑并不常见，报告标准也不一致。这些发现突出了生物考古学家可以改进处理和报告缺失数据的技术的领域。对这些缺点的更多关注将提高该领域统计的严谨性。
Missing data are a frequent and unavoidable challenge in bioarchaeological research, yet researchers seldom make explicit statements about the bias and inferential limitations that missing data introduce into their studies. There are no guidelines for best practices for the treatment or reporting of missing data. As an initial step in taking stock and exploring approaches to missing data in bioarchaeology, this study reviews bioarchaeological publications to identify methods currently in use for addressing this significant problem. Over 950 bioarchaeology articles (2011–2020) from four major anthropology journals were surveyed, searching for the terms “missing,” “absent,” “unobserv,” “replace,” and “imputat.” The 267 articles so identified were categorized into one of nine bioarchaeological subtopics and scored according to a set of six broad approaches for handling missing data. Results indicate that bioarchaeologists handle missing data in a variety of ways. Methods such as antimere substitution, listwise deletion and pairwise deletion are widely used. Subject subtopics favor different techniques for handling missing values. Bioarchaeological articles categorized as archaeology, pathology, and trauma used basic missing data approaches, while those such as biodistance and morphology more often employed advanced statistics. Despite the ubiquity of missing data, considerations of how they introduce bias were uncommon and standards for reporting were inconsistent. These findings highlight areas in which bioarchaeologists can improve techniques for handling and reporting missing data. Greater attention to these shortcomings will increase the statistical rigor of the field.
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