3D printed rGO/CNT microlattice aerogel for a dendrite-free sodium metal anode
3D printed rGO/CNT microlattice aerogel for a dendrite-free sodium metal anode
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用于无枝晶钠金属阳极的 3D 打印 rGO/CNT 微晶格气凝胶
DOI：
10.1039/d0ta05817c
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Wang Ye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan Jin;Zhi Gang;Kong Dezhi;Wang Hui;Xu Tingting;Zang Jinhao;Shen Weixia;Xu Junmin;Shi Yumeng;Dai Shuge;Li Xinjian;Wang Ye
不受控制的枝晶形成导致金属钠的电化学性能较差，甚至严重的安全问题，导致金属钠阳极不适合实际应用。本文中，使用三维（3D）打印技术构建人工还原氧化石墨烯/碳纳米管（rGO/CNT）微晶格气凝胶，并进一步采用其作为钠金属主体。由于其特殊设计的结构，3D rGO/CNT微晶格气凝胶可以有效地降低局部电流密度并提供丰富的活性成核位点，从而导致均匀的钠沉积以克服枝晶形成的问题。因此，Na@rGO/CNT微晶格阳极能够在2 mA cm−2下实现1 mA h cm− 2的面积容量，具有17.8 mV的小成核过电位，在8 mA cm−2的高电流密度下具有640次循环的稳定循环性能。实验和模拟结果表明，改进的性能可以归因于具有调谐表面动力学的分级rGO/CNT微晶格气凝胶的合理设计。最后，组装使用3D Na@rGO/CNT微晶格作为阳极的全电池，并在100次循环后在100 mA g-1下提供67.6 mA h g-1的容量。我们的研究结果表明，3D打印的rGO/CNT微晶格气凝胶是未来一代钠金属电池的钠金属主体的有希望的候选者。
Uncontrolled dendrite formation induces inferior electrochemical performance in sodium metal and even severe safety issues, resulting in metallic sodium anode being unsuitable for practical applications. Herein, an artificial reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (rGO/CNT) microlattice aerogel was constructed using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and further adopted as a sodium metal host. With its specially designed architecture, the 3D rGO/CNT microlattice aerogel can effectively reduce the local current density and provide abundant active nucleation sites, resulting in homogeneous sodium deposition to overcome the issue of dendrite formation. As a result, the Na@rGO/CNT microlattice anode enables an areal capacity of 1 mA h cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2 with a small nucleation overpotential of 17.8 mV, with a stable cycling performance for 640 cycles at a high current density of 8 mA cm−2. The experimental and simulation results show that the improved performance can be attributed to the rational design of the hierarchical rGO/CNT microlattice aerogel with tuned surface kinetics. Finally, a full battery using a 3D Na@rGO/CNT microlattice as an anode was assembled and delivered a capacity of 67.6 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles. Our results demonstrate that the 3D printed rGO/CNT microlattice aerogel is a promising candidate as a sodium metal host for future generation of sodium metal batteries.
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