Examining Particle Size of Inorganic Active Ingredients within Sunscreens Using Dynamic Light Scattering
Examining Particle Size of Inorganic Active Ingredients within Sunscreens Using Dynamic Light Scattering
复制标题
使用动态光散射检查防晒霜中无机活性成分的粒径
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00939
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Damai, Aakriti
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Quiñones, Rosalynn;Moreno, Sara;Shoup, Deben;Klein, Mieke;Westfall, Tamara D.;Damai, Aakriti
With the advancements in broad-spectrum sunscreens and the recent bans on benzene-based sunscreens due to their environmental toxicity, there has been a push toward broad-spectrum sunscreens containing inorganic active ingredients. In this study, a procedure was developed to analyze the particle size and size distribution of inorganic active ingredients, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and/or zinc oxide (ZnO), of sunscreens with sun protection factor (SPF) values ranging from 15 to 50 using dynamic light scattering (DLS). These inorganic components are often engineered as nanoparticles in order to reduce visibility on the skin and retain UV scattering. Research suggests that the use of smaller nanoparticles to increase the efficacy of the inorganic filters may also be toxic to humans if it becomes permeable to the skin. This methodology allowed undergraduate students to work hands-on with particle sizing and compare sunscreen samples to nanopowder and dispersion standards using the effect of the hydrodynamic diameter. Students found that, due to agglomeration, the particle sizes for the nanopowder standards could exceed the manufacture’s labeled size when dispersed in solution, which they then compared with their sunscreen data. The results also showed that some sunscreens had two distinct layers at the end of sample preparation, which could be correlated to the matrix components within the sunscreens. This study is intended for undergraduate analytical students and can be altered using the potential variations and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to create a more challenging upper-level lab and allow for instrumentation comparisons.
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DOI:
10.4172/2155-9872.1000355
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques
影响因子:
--
作者:
Ju Chou;T. J. Robinson;Hui Doan
通讯作者:
Hui Doan
DOI:
10.1111/j.1600-0781.1997.tb00215.x
发表时间:
1997
期刊:
Photodermatology
影响因子:
--
作者:
H. C. Wulf;I. Stender;Jørgen Lock
通讯作者:
Jørgen Lock
影响因子:
1.5
作者:
B. Erickson
通讯作者:
B. Erickson
影响因子:
3
作者:
Mary R. Davis;M. N. Quigley
通讯作者:
M. N. Quigley
影响因子:
3
作者:
W. Erhardt
通讯作者:
W. Erhardt