Determining the effector response to cell death.
Determining the effector response to cell death.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41577-020-00456-0
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ghosh S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rothlin CV;Hille TD;Ghosh S
当病原体侵入宿主生物体或生物体遭受无菌损伤时，细胞死亡发生。因此，细胞死亡通常与免疫应答的诱导密切相关。此外，细胞死亡可以作为免疫应答的结果发生，并且在免疫应答消退期间由先天免疫细胞引发的组织更新和修复应答之前发生。除了免疫之外，细胞死亡是发育、形态发生和体内平衡所必需的。细胞死亡这样一个普遍存在的事件是如何引发如此广泛的环境特异性效应反应的？死亡的细胞被先天免疫细胞使用专门的受体感知，并通过称为吞噬作用的过程被吞噬。在这里，我们概述了一个一般性的原则，即信号内的死细胞以及环境是由特定的巨噬细胞整合，以确定适当的效应反应。细胞死亡识别可导致多种不同的效应子应答。在这里，作者讨论了一个框架，用于确定依赖于其识别，上下文环境信号和身份的细胞死亡的特定效应器响应。
Cell death occurs when a pathogen invades a host organism or the organism is subjected to sterile injury. Thus, cell death is often closely associated with the induction of an immune response. Furthermore, cell death can occur as a consequence of the immune response and precedes the tissue renewal and repair responses that are initiated by innate immune cells during resolution of an immune response. Beyond immunity, cell death is required for development, morphogenesis and homeostasis. How can such a ubiquitous event as cell death trigger such a wide range of context-specific effector responses? Dying cells are sensed by innate immune cells using specialized receptors and phagocytosed through a process termed efferocytosis. Here, we outline a general principle whereby signals within the dead cell as well as the environment are integrated by specific efferocytes to define the appropriate effector response. Cell death recognition can result in a multitude of distinct effector responses. Here, the authors discuss a framework for determining the specific effector response to cell death that relies on its recognition, contextual environmental signals and identity of the efferocyte.
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