Recent Historical Migrations Have Shaped the Gene Pool of Arabs and Berbers in North Africa.
Recent Historical Migrations Have Shaped the Gene Pool of Arabs and Berbers in North Africa.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msw218
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Comas D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arauna LR;Mendoza-Revilla J;Mas-Sandoval A;Izaabel H;Bekada A;Benhamamouch S;Fadhlaoui-Zid K;Zalloua P;Hellenthal G;Comas D
北非以其不同的文化和语言群体以及遗传异质性为特点。基因组数据显示，自霍尔海洋时代之前以来，各种成分就混合在了一起。尽管该地区的两个主要民族柏柏尔人和阿拉伯人在单亲和经典标记上没有发现差异，但现有的有限的基因组数据突显了柏柏尔人的独特性。我们描述了北非群体的遗传异质性，重点是柏柏尔人和阿拉伯人的假定差异，并估计了移民日期。我们分析了五个柏柏尔人和六个阿拉伯群体的全基因组常染色体数据，并将他们与中东人、撒哈拉以南非洲人和欧洲人进行了比较。基于单倍型的方法显示，地理和遗传群体之间缺乏相关性，遗传异质性很高，柏柏尔人和阿拉伯人之间没有明显的差异。柏柏尔人包含遗传多样性的群体，从具有高本地成分频率、大纯合性运行和低有效种群规模的孤立的内婚制群体，到具有撒哈拉以南和中东成分高频率的混合群体。混合时间估计显示了近代历史移民的复杂模式，公元前7世纪左右出现了一个高峰，与该地区的阿拉伯化重合；自公元前1世纪以来的撒哈拉以南移民符合罗马奴隶贸易的协议；以及公元17世纪的强劲移民，与现代跨大西洋和跨撒哈拉奴隶贸易的巨大影响相吻合。在群体遗传学和生物医学研究中选择参考组时，应考虑到所发现的遗传复杂性。
North Africa is characterized by its diverse cultural and linguistic groups and its genetic heterogeneity. Genomic data has shown an amalgam of components mixed since pre-Holocean times. Though no differences have been found in uniparental and classical markers between Berbers and Arabs, the two main ethnic groups in the region, the scanty genomic data available have highlighted the singularity of Berbers. We characterize the genetic heterogeneity of North African groups, focusing on the putative differences of Berbers and Arabs, and estimate migration dates. We analyze genome-wide autosomal data in five Berber and six Arab groups, and compare them to Middle Easterns, sub-Saharans, and Europeans. Haplotype-based methods show a lack of correlation between geographical and genetic populations, and a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, without strong differences between Berbers and Arabs. Berbers enclose genetically diverse groups, from isolated endogamous groups with high autochthonous component frequencies, large homozygosity runs and low effective population sizes, to admixed groups with high frequencies of sub-Saharan and Middle Eastern components. Admixture time estimates show a complex pattern of recent historical migrations, with a peak around the 7th century C.E. coincident with the Arabization of the region; sub-Saharan migrations since the 1st century B.C. in agreement with Roman slave trade; and a strong migration in the 17th century C.E., coincident with a huge impact of the trans-Atlantic and trans-Saharan trade of sub-Saharan slaves in the Modern Era. The genetic complexity found should be taken into account when selecting reference groups in population genetics and biomedical studies.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Kirin M;McQuillan R;Franklin CS;Campbell H;McKeigue PM;Wilson JF
通讯作者：
Wilson JF
来自1,092个人基因组的遗传变异的综合图。
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Frazer, Kelly A.;Ballinger, Dennis G.;Cox, David R.;Hinds, David A.;Stuve, Laura L.;Gibbs, Richard A.;Belmont, John W.;Boudreau, Andrew;Hardenbol, Paul;Leal, Suzanne M.;Pasternak, Shiran;Wheeler, David A.;Willis, Thomas D.;Yu, Fuli;Yang, Huanming;Zeng, Changqing;Gao, Yang;Hu, Haoran;Hu, Weitao;Li, Chaohua;Lin, Wei;Liu, Siqi;Pan, Hao;Tang, Xiaoli;Wang, Jian;Wang, Wei;Yu, Jun;Zhang, Bo;Zhang, Qingrun;Zhao, Hongbin;Zhao, Hui;Zhou, Jun;Gabriel, Stacey B.;Barry, Rachel;Blumenstiel, Brendan;Camargo, Amy;Defelice, Matthew;Faggart, Maura;Goyette, Mary;Gupta, Supriya;Moore, Jamie;Nguyen, Huy;Onofrio, Robert C.;Parkin, Melissa;Roy, Jessica;Stahl, Erich;Winchester, Ellen;Ziaugra, Liuda;Altshuler, David;Shen, Yan;Yao, Zhijian;Huang, Wei;Chu, Xun;He, Yungang;Jin, Li;Liu, Yangfan;Shen, Yayun;Sun, Weiwei;Wang, Haifeng;Wang, Yi;Wang, Ying;Xiong, Xiaoyan;Xu, Liang;Waye, Mary M. Y.;Tsui, Stephen K. W.;Wong, J. Tze-Fei;Galver, Luana M.;Fan, Jian-Bing;Gunderson, Kevin;Murray, Sarah S.;Oliphant, Arnold R.;Chee, Mark S.;Montpetit, Alexandre;Chagnon, Fanny;Ferretti, Vincent;Leboeuf, Martin;Olivier, Jean-Franccois;Phillips, Michael S.;Roumy, Stephanie;Sallee, Clementine;Verner, Andrei;Hudson, Thomas J.;Kwok, Pui-Yan;Cai, Dongmei;Koboldt, Daniel C.;Miller, Raymond D.;Pawlikowska, Ludmila;Taillon-Miller, Patricia;Xiao, Ming;Tsui, Lap-Chee;Mak, William;Song, You Qiang;Tam, Paul K. H.;Nakamura, Yusuke;Kawaguchi, Takahisa;Kitamoto, Takuya;Morizono, Takashi;Nagashima, Atsushi;Ohnishi, Yozo;Sekine, Akihiro;Tanaka, Toshihiro;Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko;Deloukas, Panos;Bird, Christine P.;Delgado, Marcos;Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T.;Gwilliam, Rhian;Hunt, Sarah;Morrison, Jonathan;Powell, Don;Stranger, Barbara E.;Whittaker, Pamela;Bentley, David R.;Daly, Mark J.;de Bakker, Paul I. W.;Barrett, Jeff;Chretien, Yves R.;Maller, Julian;McCarroll, Steve;Patterson, Nick;Pe'er, Itsik;Price, Alkes;Purcell, Shaun;Richter, Daniel J.;Sabeti, Pardis;Saxena, Richa;Schaffner, Stephen F.;Sham, Pak C.;Varilly, Patrick;Altshuler, David;Stein, Lincoln D.;Krishnan, Lalitha;Smith, Albert Vernon;Tello-Ruiz, Marcela K.;Thorisson, Gudmundur A.;Chakravarti, Aravinda;Chen, Peter E.;Cutler, David J.;Kashuk, Carl S.;Lin, Shin;Abecasis, Goncalo R.;Guan, Weihua;Li, Yun;Munro, Heather M.;Qin, Zhaohui Steve;Thomas, Daryl J.;McVean, Gilean;Auton, Adam;Bottolo, Leonardo;Cardin, Niall;Eyheramendy, Susana;Freeman, Colin;Marchini, Jonathan;Myers, Simon;Spencer, Chris;Stephens, Matthew;Donnelly, Peter;Cardon, Lon R.;Clarke, Geraldine;Evans, David M.;Morris, Andrew P.;Weir, Bruce S.;Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko;Johnson, Todd A.;Mullikin, James C.;Sherry, Stephen T.;Feolo, Michael;Skol, Andrew
通讯作者：
Skol, Andrew
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bekada A;Arauna LR;Deba T;Calafell F;Benhamamouch S;Comas D
通讯作者：
Comas D
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Bosch, E;Calafell, F;Bertranpetit, J
通讯作者：
Bertranpetit, J