Selective attention to affective stimuli and clinical depression among youths: role of anxiety and specificity of emotion.
Selective attention to affective stimuli and clinical depression among youths: role of anxiety and specificity of emotion.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019609
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Flory, Kate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hankin, Benjamin L.;Gibb, Brandon E.;Abela, John R. Z.;Flory, Kate
心理病理学的认知模型假设信息加工偏向(例如，注意偏向)的内容或焦点是特定于障碍的：抑郁症被假设为以对与抑郁相关的刺激(例如，悲伤的面部表情)的注意偏向为特征，而焦虑应该特别与对威胁相关刺激(例如，愤怒的脸)的注意偏向有关。然而，很少有研究研究这种特异性假说，也没有以年轻人为样本的研究。本研究考察了单纯抑郁组、单纯焦虑组、抑郁焦虑共病组和对照青年组(9-17岁；N=161)对情绪面孔(悲伤、愤怒、快乐与中性面孔)的注意偏向。与认知模型一致的是，单纯抑郁和单纯焦虑的青少年分别对悲伤和愤怒的面孔表现出特别的注意偏差，而患有共同疾病的青少年对这两种面部表情都表现出注意偏差。此外，对照青少年表现出对悲伤面孔的注意回避，而患有共同疾病的男孩则避免看到快乐的面孔。总体而言，研究结果表明，认知偏差和对特定情绪信息的处理是纯粹的临床抑郁和焦虑所特有的，结果为潜在的特定过程的病因学模型提供了信息，这些过程与年轻人的内在化障碍有关。
Cognitive models of psychopathology posit that the content or focus of information-processing biases (e.g., attentional biases) is disorder-specific: Depression is hypothesized to be characterized by attentional biases specifically for depression-relevant stimuli (e.g. sad facial expressions), whereas anxiety should relate particularly to attentional biases to threat-relevant stimuli (e.g., angry faces). However, little research has investigated this specificity hypothesis, and none with a sample of youth. The present study examined attentional biases to emotional faces (sad, angry, and happy compared with neutral) in groups of pure depressed, pure anxious, comorbid depressed and anxious, and control youth (ages 9–17; N = 161). Consistent with cognitive models, pure depressed and pure anxious youth exhibited attentional biases specifically to sad and angry faces, respectively, while comorbid youth exhibited attentional biases to both facial expressions. In addition, control youth exhibited attentional avoidance of sad faces, and comorbid boys avoided happy faces. Overall, findings suggest that cognitive biases and processing of particular emotional information are specific to pure clinical depression and anxiety, and results inform etiological models of potentially specific processes that are associated with internalizing disorders among youth.
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DOI：
10.1080/15374410902851705
发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gibb BE;Benas JS;Grassia M;McGeary J
通讯作者：
McGeary J
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Gotlib, IH;Kasch, KL;Johnson, SL
通讯作者：
Johnson, SL
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Beevers, CG;Carver, CS
通讯作者：
Carver, CS
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Brown, TA;Chorpita, BF;Barlow, DH
通讯作者：
Barlow, DH
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hankin, BL;Abramson, LY;Haeffel, GJ
通讯作者：
Haeffel, GJ