Variation in mutation, recombination, and transposition rates in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans

Variation in mutation, recombination, and transposition rates in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans
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黑腹果蝇和模拟果蝇突变、重组和转座率的变化

DOI:
10.1101/2022.09.12.507595
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wang Y
Wang Y
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Y

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突变、重组和转座的速率是进化模型的核心参数。它们影响遗传多样性、对持续选择的反应以及遗传负荷水平。然而,即使是关键的进化模型物种,如果蝇和果蝇simulans,这些参数的估计是很少的,我们也不知道如何在个体,性别或种群之间变化。这种变化的知识是基因组进化模型参数化的基础。在这里,我们提供了直接估计的突变,重组和转座率和它们的变化在西非和欧洲人口的D。melanogaster和D. simulans。在89只果蝇中,我们观察到58个单核苷酸突变,286个交叉和89个转座因子(TE)插入。与欧洲相比。在黑腹果蝇中,我们发现西非种群的突变率较低(1.67 × 10− 9 site −1gen−1vs. 4.86× 10− 9 site −1gen−1)和较低的转座率(8.99 × 10−5copy−1gen−1vs. 23.36 × 10−5copy−1gen−1),但重组率更高(3.44 cM/Mb vs. 2.06 cM/Mb)。欧洲人D。simulanpopulation与EuropeanD的突变率相似。黑腹型,但重组率显着更高和较低,但没有显着差异,转座率。总的来说,我们发现在这两个物种中,父系来源的突变比母系来源的突变更频繁。我们的研究量化了不同群体和性别之间突变、重组和转座率的变化,以及我们对黑腹果蝇和D中这些参数的直接估计。模拟结果对今后的群体遗传学和进化遗传学研究具有重要意义。
The rates of mutation, recombination, and transposition are core parameters in models of evolution. They impact genetic diversity, responses to ongoing selection, and levels of genetic load. However, even for key evolutionary model species such asDrosophila melanogasterandDrosophila simulans, few estimates of these parameters are available, and we have little idea of how rates vary between individuals, sexes, or populations. Knowledge of this variation is fundamental for parameterizing models of genome evolution. Here, we provide direct estimates of mutation, recombination, and transposition rates and their variation in a West African and a European population ofD. melanogasterand a European population ofD. simulans. Across 89 flies, we observe 58 single-nucleotide mutations, 286 crossovers, and 89 transposable element (TE) insertions. Compared to the EuropeanD. melanogaster, we find the West African population has a lower mutation rate (1.67 × 10−9site−1gen−1vs. 4.86 × 10−9site−1gen−1) and a lower transposition rate (8.99 × 10−5copy−1gen−1vs. 23.36 × 10−5copy−1gen−1), but a higher recombination rate (3.44 cM/Mb vs. 2.06 cM/Mb). The EuropeanD. simulanspopulation has a similar mutation rate to EuropeanD. melanogaster, but a significantly higher recombination rate and a lower, but not significantly different, transposition rate. Overall, we find paternal-derived mutations are more frequent than maternal ones in both species. Our study quantifies the variation in rates of mutation, recombination, and transposition among different populations and sexes, and our direct estimates of these parameters inD. melanogasterandD. simulanswill benefit future studies in population and evolutionary genetics.
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