Müller glial cell reprogramming and retina regeneration.

Müller glial cell reprogramming and retina regeneration.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrn3723
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发表时间:
2014-07
影响因子:
34.7
通讯作者:
Goldman, Daniel
Goldman, Daniel
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goldman, Daniel

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Müller神经胶质是视网膜的主要神经胶质成分。它们是发育过程中最后出生的视网膜细胞类型之一,其功能是维持视网膜的稳态和完整性。在哺乳动物中,Müller胶质细胞以多种方式对视网膜损伤做出反应,这些方式可以保护或损害视网膜功能。虽然在特殊情况下,这些细胞可以被诱导增殖并产生神经元,但这些反应是微弱的,不足以修复受损的视网膜。相比之下,在硬骨鱼(例如斑马鱼)中,穆勒胶质细胞对视网膜损伤的反应涉及重新编程事件,该事件赋予视网膜干细胞特征,并使它们产生增殖的祖细胞群体,可以再生所有主要的视网膜细胞类型并恢复视力。最近的研究揭示了一些重要的机制,潜在的缪勒神经胶质细胞重编程和视网膜再生的鱼类,可能会导致新的策略,刺激视网膜再生的哺乳动物。
Müller glia are the major glial component of the retina. They are one of the last retinal cell types to be born during development and they function to maintain retinal homeostasis and integrity. In mammals, Müller glia respond to retinal injury in a variety of ways that can be either protective or detrimental to retinal function. Although under special circumstances these cells can be coaxed to proliferate and generate neurons, these responses are meager and insufficient for repairing a damaged retina. By contrast, in teleost fish (such as zebrafish) the response of Müller glia to retinal injury involves a reprogramming event that imparts retinal stem cell characteristics and allows them to produce a proliferating population of progenitors that can regenerate all major retinal cell types and restore vision. Recent studies have revealed a number of important mechanisms underlying Müller glia reprogramming and retina regeneration in fish that may lead to new strategies for stimulating retina regeneration in mammals.
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