Emission characteristics and air-surface exchange of gaseous mercury at the largest active landfill in Asia
Emission characteristics and air-surface exchange of gaseous mercury at the largest active landfill in Asia
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亚洲最大活跃垃圾填埋场气态汞排放特征及空气-地表交换
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.083
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Sommar Jonas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu Wei;Li Zhonggen;Chai Xiaoli;Hao Yongxia;Lin Che-Jen;Feng Xinbin;Sommar Jonas
在2011年和2012年的两次密集现场活动中，对亚洲最大的填埋场--中国上海老港垃圾填埋场气态元素汞（GEM）的排放特征和空气-地表交换进行了调查。城市固体废物中的汞含量从0.19到1.68 mg kg−1不等。在堆填区的封闭单元上，环境空气中的GEM平均浓度几乎与半球形背景水平（1.5-2.0 ng m−3）无法区分，而正在进行的堆填区操作（例如倾倒，掩埋和压实城市固体废物）的顺风浓度明显升高。通过填埋气（LFG）排放的GEM被确定为一个重要来源。从安装在不同填埋场单元的排气管收集的低密度气体中的GEM浓度变化很大，从3.0到1127.8纳克/立方米不等。发现GEM浓度与LFG细胞的年龄呈负相关，表明通过LFG释放的GEM随时间而容易下降。仅这一来源的GEM排放量估计为1.23-1.73 mg h-1。覆盖土壤表面的GEM排放量相当低，与背景土壤表面的排放量相当。这与早先的报告显示中国南方垃圾填埋场表面的GEM排放量增加形成对比，这可能是由于不同地点土壤汞含量和土壤透气性特征的差异。对埋置的城市固体废物间隙气体中GEM的垂直浓度分布进行了采样，这可能是第一次，在研究的3年填埋单元中显示出广泛的空间变异性（4.9-713.1 ng m−3）。采用箱式模型估算，填埋作业产生的GEM排放量为290-525 mg h− 1。这表明，GEM脱气从老港垃圾填埋场是定量主要由日常填埋作业的排放量与填埋气排气和微不足道的贡献（双向通量接近零）的贡献与土壤层覆盖的表面小得多的贡献。这项研究揭示了不同年龄的垃圾填埋场单元之间不同的GEM排放模式，并为制定大型垃圾填埋场的汞减排战略提供了必要的排放估计。
The emission characteristics and air-surface exchange of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) at Laogang landfill in Shanghai, China, the largest active landfill in Asia, has been investigated during two intensive field campaigns in 2011 and 2012. The mercury (Hg) content in municipal solid waste (MSW) varied widely from 0.19 to 1.68 mg kg−1. Over the closed cell in the landfill, the mean ambient air GEM concentration was virtually indistinguishable from the hemispherical background level (1.5–2.0 ng m−3) while the concentration downwind of ongoing landfill operation (e.g. dumping, burying and compacting of MSW) was clearly elevated. GEM emission through landfill gas (LFG) was identified as a significant source. GEM concentrations in LFGs collected from venting pipes installed in different landfill cells varied widely from 3.0 to 1127.8 ng m−3. The GEM concentrations were found negatively correlated to the age of LFG cells, suggesting GEM released through LFG declined readily with time. The GEM emission from this source alone was estimated to be 1.23–1.73 mg h−1. GEM emission from cover soil surfaces was considerably lower and at a scale comparable to that of background soil surfaces. This is in contrast to earlier reports showing enhanced GEM emissions from landfill surfaces in Southern China, probably due to the difference in soil Hg content and gas permeability characteristics of soils at different sites. Vertical concentration profiles of GEM in the interstitial gas of buried MSW were sampled, perhaps for the first time, which exhibited a wide spatial variability (4.9–713.1 ng m−3) in the 3-year-old landfill cell investigated. GEM emission from landfill operation was estimated to be 290–525 mg h−1using a box model. This suggests that GEM degassing from Laogang landfill is quantitatively largely dominated by emissions from daily landfilling operations with a much smaller contribution from LFG venting and insignificant (bi-directional fluxes near zero) contribution from surfaces capped with a soil layer. This study reveals divergent GEM emission patterns among landfill cells of different ages, and provides essential emission estimates for formulating Hg emission reduction strategies for a large landfill.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Gustin, MS;Biester, H;Kim, CS
通讯作者：
Kim, CS
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Selvendiran;C. Driscoll;M. Montesdeoca;J. Bushey
通讯作者：
P. Selvendiran;C. Driscoll;M. Montesdeoca;J. Bushey
影响因子：
5
作者：
Lindberg, SE;Wallschläger, D;Reinhart, D
通讯作者：
Reinhart, D
影响因子：
5
作者：
S. Lindberg;G. Southworth;E. Prestbo;D. Wallschläger;M. Bogle;J. Price
通讯作者：
S. Lindberg;G. Southworth;E. Prestbo;D. Wallschläger;M. Bogle;J. Price
DOI：
10.1080/10473289.2005.10464684
发表时间：
2005-07
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
S. Lindberg;G. Southworth;M. Bogle;T. J. Blasing;J. Owens;Kelly Roy;Hong Zhang;T. Kuiken;J. Price;D. Reinhart;H. Sfeir
通讯作者：
S. Lindberg;G. Southworth;M. Bogle;T. J. Blasing;J. Owens;Kelly Roy;Hong Zhang;T. Kuiken;J. Price;D. Reinhart;H. Sfeir